An Observational Study to Standardise the Bindu Pramana in Nasya Karma

: Ayurveda is the science of life consisting of guidelines for the maintenance of health and to cure the disease. A Vaidya based on his yukti treat the patients by using different modalities of treatment explained by our acharyas. Shodhana and shamana are the 2 main domains of treatment. Shodhana comes under panchakarma which consists of mainly vamana, virechana, basti , nasya . These treatment modalities yield optimum results only when it is administered with due consideration to matra and kala. Nasya karma is one among the panchakarma therapy which deals with the diseases of jatrurdhva. The dose of Sneha nasya is explained in bindu Pramana . Now a days practically bindu is considered as one drop. But our acharyas clearly explained the procedure for measurement of bindu Pramana to obtain the optimum results. The dose of bindu Pramana varies from person to person. materials and methods:- In the present study 40 healthy volunteers are selected between the age group of 20-30 and the bindu Pramana is measured as per the classics considering the BMI, Length of index finger , circumference of index finger for measuring 8 bindu pramana of murchita tila taila and mahamasha taila. The mean dose of 8 bindu Pramana for murchita tila taila is 5.31ml and the mean dose of 8 bindu Pramana for mahamasha taila is 5.43ml. conclusion:- Based on the results we can conclude that drop is not equal to bindu and the measurement of bindu depends on the individual. hence calculation of right dose of medicine is required to obtain the optimum results.


INTRODUCTION:
The main motto of ayurveda is Swastasya swastya rakshaman aturasya vikara prashamana 1 , to maintain this our acharyas said about different treatment modalities among this panchakarma plays a major role in maintaining the health of a person.Nasya karma is one among those treatment modality which is specific for urdhwajatrugata vikara 2 .There are different types of nasya, depending on the condition different types of nasya karma explained meanwhile the dosage differs according to type of nasya karma 3 .Dosage of Sneha nasya is explained in bindu Pramana 4 .Now a days bindu Pramana is considered in terms of drops but bindu Pramana is, the quantity of oil that dribbles from the index finger which is dipped in taila upto the proximal interphalangeal joint 5 of each individual.In shareera sthana Anjali Pramana is mentioned where the length of each organ differs from person to person 6 .Bindu Pramana is one such concept explained as a measure of dose for nasya karma.The clear explanation of the method of calculation of bindu itself shows the importance of using the right dose for obtaining the optimum results.Hence the present study is conducted with an attempt to standardise the range of bindu Pramana of Sneha nasya using two different tailas in 40 individuals.

Materials and methods: Study design-An open label randomised control trial
Method -Forty healthy volunteers based on aged between 20-30years, irrespective of sex, religion, occupation etc were taken for the study from the opd section of Sri Kalabhyraveshwara swamy ayurvedic college, hospital and research centre Bengaluru.Their index finger was measured for length and circumference upto proximal interphalangeal joint then bindu Pramana was measured for murchita tila taila and maha masha taila.

Procedure of measuring bindu pramana:
The selected healthy volunteers were randomly divided and studied under 2 groups.The subjects were asked to dip their index finger upto proximal interphalangeal joint in the taila which is kept in a beaker for 8 times and the amount of oil dribbling from the finger is measured in a measuring jar and the values recorded.
Parameters for assessments: a. Measurement of index finger b.Height of index finger upto proximal interphalangeal joint.c.Circumference of index finger at proximal interphalangeal joint.d.BMI

Observation and result:
The study was conducted to standardise the quantity of eight bindu pramana of murchita tila taila and mahamasha taila in 40 subjects between the age group of 20-30yrs, irrespective of sex, height, weight and dimension of index finger.The observation results weer tabulated accordingly in table 1 (Murchita tila taila) and table 2 (Mahamasha taila).

DISCUSSION:
Acharyas have explained measurement of human body and its fluids in anguli pramana and Anjali pramana 7 .In the same way the dosage for Sneha nasya karma is explained in bindu Pramana.The dosage for different types on nasya varies based on the dosage form.acharya sushruta explained the procedure to carry out measurement of bindu Pramana.where in bindu is the amount of oil dribbling from the index finger when it is taken out after dipping it in oil upto proximal interphalangeal joint.The avara matra of sneha nasya is 8 bindu 8 .In the present study 40 participants between the age group 20-30 were selected for the standardisation of bindu Pramana.The assessment was done irrespective of gender, based on the BMI, length of index finger and circumference of index finger which varies from person to person providing the measurement ranging from 3-7ml in different individuals for murchita tila taila and 3-9ml for maha masha taila.The mean of 8 bindu Pramana of murchita tila taila is 5.315ml and of Mahamasha taila is 5.43ml.From this we can understand that the dose of medicine for nasya varies from individual to individual, So to obtain the optimum therapeutic effect of Sneha nasya the dosage should be measured in bindu Pramana for every individual.As the avara matra of sneha nasya is 8 bindu.We can consider 5.3ml as the standard dose for Sneha nasya.

CONCLUSION:
In the present study the measurement for 8 bindu Pramana for both the tailas ranges from 3-7ml.The length and circumference of index finger also plays a role in the measurement of bindu Pramana.The viscosity of the oil also affects the dose of bindu Pramana, which can be clearly noticed if the sample size is larger.The study has to be conducted in a larger sample to standardise he probable range for the dose of bindu Pramana for Sneha nasya.If it is carried out in a multicentric study then we can conclude better the range of bindu Pramana as it comprises individuals from different geographical area.