Concepts Regarding Language Teaching in Ancient Examination Methods of Child Education

: Language helps us express our feelings and thoughts — this is unique to our species because it is a way to express unique ideas and customs within different cultures and societies. By learning a foreign language, you can understand ideas and thoughts that may be different from your own culture. Studying in the mother tongue inculcates in the child the culture and traditions of that country. As well as language, dress, meals, sports, weddings and many other chapters are added.

o Learning a new language improves your memory.o Being bilingual makes you a better multitasker.o Speaking other languages makes you a better communicator (in your native tongue too!) .o Learning a language encourages creativity.o Being bilingual makes your brain bigger.Child psychology not only pays attention to children's physical development, but also considers their psychological, social, and emotional development.Child development and pedagogy is an important part of child psychology to understand the physiological and biological changes that occur in students.

Types of evaluation/Exams
India's examination system actually provides an excellent child to teach life and skills to the child.At present there are Diagnostic, Formative, Interim, and Summative assessment types.There are four types of testing in schools todaydiagnostic, formative, benchmark, and summative.The topic of learning and pedagogy in Hindi has important weightage in all the teaching exams.Hence while studying the topic, you need to focus on the following noteworthy points.o To understand the child's mentality.o To overcome the obstacles that appears in learning.o To build a conducive environment that enables stability in learning.o To gain thorough knowledge about the intellectual perceptions of the child.o There is need for functional and reliable system of school-based evaluation.There is often a lack of full disclosure and transparency in grading.While number of boards use good practices in pre-exam and exam management there remain several glaring shortfalls at several boards.The quality of question papers is low.NEP-2020 focuses onregular, formative and competency-based assessment, promoting learning and development of students and testing higher-order skills (analysis, critical thinking and conceptual clarity etc.).The goal of NEP-2020 is to transform the culture of assessment.

Why exams?
With every pupil being so individual, exams are also a great way for teachers to find out more about the students themselves.The test environment comes with added stress, which allows teachers to work out how their students argue and how they think individually by their works, which is a great attribute for them to keep in mind for future class activities.

Characteristics of Language
Language shapes human thinking world and character.Language learning is an active process that begins at birth and continues throughout life.Students learn language as they use it to communicate their thoughts, feelings, and experiences, establish relationships with family members and friends, and strive to make sense and order of their world.Here are some ideas from author Brad Philpot to get your learners thinking about the seven key concepts: communication, creativity, perspective, representation, identity, culture and transformation.
language is a system of signs for encoding and decoding information.o Language refers to the cognitive faculty that enables humans to learn and use systems of complex communication.
The choice of words the baby gets during her pregnancy.The words and language he receives from his mother shape his personality.The many cognitive benefits of learning languages are undeniable.People who speak more than one language have improved memory, problem-solving and critical-thinking skills, enhanced concentration, ability to multitask, and better listening skills.
Learning another language also provides many other benefits including greater academic achievement, greater cognitive development, and more positive attitudes towards other languages and cultures.Simply put, language learning is necessary for students to effectively function in the modern global marketplace.
There are four basic aspects of language that have been studied: phonology, syn-tax, semantics, and pragmatics.More specifically, linguistics is concerned with analyzing the language and its structure Brinton and Brinton, 2010, Payne, 2006.The study includes phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics (Dawson and Phelan, 2016).

Important of language teaching
During pregnancy the baby especially listens to the words spoken by the mother and father.Through the fetal dialogue, the mother gives the child the gift of sacraments and words.Learning another language also provides many other benefits including greater academic achievement, greater cognitive development, and more positive attitudes towards other languages and cultures.Simply put, language learning is necessary for students to effectively function in the modern global marketplace.

Four types of language teaching
Another way to describe language is in terms of the four basic language skills: o Listening, o Speaking, o Reading, and o Writing In your teaching, you will need to address each of these skills.And, whenever possible, you should utilize activities that integrate all four skills since each reinforces the other.Harmer (2008, p. 23) mentioned that a good language teacher should have enough knowledge of the language and appealing information.They should also be passionate and enthusiastic in their teaching and be able to effectively explain the use of the language (e.g., grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary) to students.

Method of education in ancient time
The learning was mostly imparted in ashrams, Gurukuls, temples, houses.Sometimes pujaris of the temples used to teach students.Debate and discussions were the primary methods of teaching.Teachers were assisted by their advanced level students.Nalanda, when Xuan Zang visited it, was called Nala and was a centre of higher learning in various subjects.The University attracted scholars from the different parts of the country as well as world.The ancient education focused on imparting ethics like • Humility, • Truthfulness, • Discipline, • Self-reliance, and • Respecting all creations to the students.
As mentioned above, in the traditional education the students are taught about traditions, customs, rituals, and religion.In the modern education, the students are taught about science, technology, language skills, and mathematics etc.
It emphasized on values such as humility, truthfulness, discipline, self-reliance and respect for all creations.Students were taught to appreciate the balance between human beings and nature.The education was mostly imparted in ashrams, gurukuls, temples, houses.Sometimes pujaris of the temples used to teach students.The main aim of Vedic education was to attain salvation through education.The teacher teaches the student in Gurukulas and Ashrams.The students and teachers follow the principle of simple living but high thinking.Education helped in observance of celibacy, control over sense and purity of life.

The sources of the ancient education system
Education of the Vedas, Brahmanas, Upanishads and Dhramasutras were the sources of the ancient education system.Archaeology is the science and method to explore and understand the ancient ruins and remains.All over India there are countless historical monuments like, Temples, Stupas, Monasteries, Forts, Palaces, and the like, which speak of their time.
The students of gurukul are more disciplined and organized.They are taught to follow a well-planned schedule in school.The students are more focused and possess more concentration power than normal students.This is because they are trained through techniques such as meditation which enhances their focusing power.Brahmanic education aimed at the spiritual development and attainment of supreme knowledge.Education emphasized preparation for life and all round development of Personality.Formation of moral character, purity of heart, self-control.Self-confidence and self-reliance were the main objectives of Brahmanic education.
Traditional method of teaching यस्य नास्स्ि स्वयं प्रज्ञा, शास्त्रं िस्य करोस्ि स् कं । लोचनाभ्याम स्वहीनस्य, दर्प ण:स् कं कररष्यस् ि।। The traditional method of teaching is when a teacher directs students to learn through memorization and recitation techniques thereby not developing their critical thinking problem solving and decision-making skills.Brahmanic education aimed at the spiritual development and attainment of supreme knowledge.Education emphasized preparation for life and all round development of Personality.Formation of moral character, purity of heart, self-control.Self-confidence and self-reliance were the main objectives of Brahmanic education.
The chief aim of Buddhist education is all round development of child's personality.This includes his physical, mental, moral and intellectual development.The other aims of Buddhist Education are to make a free man, a wise, intelligent, moral, non-violent & secular man.The ancient education system was mainly on Vedas, Upanishads and Dharma sutras.Some of the important sources that were considered important were Ithihasa, Anviksiki, Mimasa, Shilpashastra and Arthashastra.Some of the physical education like the archery and physical exercises.Education is considered 'a way of life' because in ancient India, there was the existence of both formal and informal modes of education system.Indigenous education was imparted at home, gurukuls, tols, temples, Pathshalas and chatuspadis.Self-reverence, self-knowledge and self-controlthese three alone can lead life to sovereign power.Self-discipline was the best discipline.Ancient Indian Education was dominated by strict moral codes of conduct.Literary and Archaeological records are the two main categories that give evidences of Ancient Indian History.Ancient Gurukul method and exam pattern स्वद्या ददास् ि स् वनयं स् वनयाद ् यास्ि र्ात्रिाम् । र्ात्रत्वाि् धनमाप्नोस् ि धनाि् धमं ििः सु खम् ॥ The gurukul system is an ancient learning method.Gurukulam has existed seeing as the vedic age.Their main motto is to develop the knowledge and they were highly focused on education.The Gurus train their students with meditations, yogas and other standards.The students will gather there and learn vedas from their Guru.
The main focus of Gurukuls was on imparting learning to the students in a natural surrounding where the shisyas lived with each other with brotherhood, humanity, love, and discipline.The crucial teachings were in subjects like language, science, mathematics through group discussions, self-learning etc.The gurukul method helps to develop the physical, mental and spiritual development of the students.They learn the basic rules of humanity and equality.Disadvantages: They could not know much about the outside world and there are no standard syllabus, examination and evaluation methods.
The Indians had a very deep thought about the examination, in which the Gurukul method was the best.In which the Guru was watching every action of the disciple.Student temperament and behavior were also tested.In which a person behaves in the harsh conditions of life and should be evaluated accordingly.He should be examined physically, mentally and also intellectually.In addition, in special circumstances, the spirituality in him should also be tested.
The child was in full bloom in the courtyard of nature.All his powers were evolving.He himself used to get every moment powers and expand them.He was always preparing himself for the country and culture.
Exams are not just for exams.But evaluation is necessary for the development and development of the child.