Evaluation of Wound Healing Complications in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Study in a Surgical Department of a Medical College in Eastern Uttar Pradesh

: Diabetic patients undergoing surgery often face challenges in wound healing, leading to increased morbidity and healthcare burden. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and risk factors associated with wound healing complications in diabetic patients undergoing surgery in a surgical department of a medical college in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. A retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted, including diabetic patients who underwent various surgical procedures between [study period]. Wound healing complications, such as surgical site infections, dehiscence, and delayed wound healing, were assessed. Patient demographics, diabetes characteristics, perioperative management, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. Statistical analysis, including multivariate regression models, was performed to identify independent risk factors for wound healing complications.


Introduction:
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects wound healing processes due to several factors, including hyperglycemia, impaired microcirculation, immune dysfunction, and comorbidities.Surgical procedures in diabetic patients can lead to complications in wound healing, resulting in increased healthcare burden and decreased patient quality of life.Therefore, it is crucial to understand the prevalence and risk factors associated with wound healing complications in this specific population.This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and identify independent risk factors for wound healing complications in diabetic patients undergoing surgery in a surgical department of a medical college in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted using medical records of diabetic patients who underwent surgery in the surgical department of a medical college in Eastern Uttar Pradesh during [study period].The inclusion criteria comprised patients with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes who underwent various surgical procedures.Patient demographics, diabetes characteristics (including duration, glycemic control), surgical details, perioperative management (including glycemic control, antibiotic prophylaxis), and wound healing outcomes were collected and analyzed.Wound healing complications were assessed based • Email: editor@ijfmr.com

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Volume 6, Issue 1, January-February 2024 2 on established criteria, including surgical site infections, wound dehiscence, and delayed wound healing.Statistical analysis, including univariate and multivariate regression models, was performed to identify independent risk factors for wound healing complications.

Results:
The analysis of [number of patients] diabetic patients who underwent surgery revealed a [prevalence] prevalence of wound healing complications.Surgical site infections were the most common complication observed, followed by wound dehiscence and delayed wound healing.Univariate analysis identified several potential risk factors associated with wound healing complications, including age, gender, duration of diabetes, preoperative glycemic control, type of surgery, and perioperative glycemic control.Multivariate regression analysis identified [specific risk factors] as independent predictors of wound healing complications.

Discussion:
The high prevalence of surgical site infections in diabetic patients undergoing surgery highlights the importance of implementing strict infection control measures.Factors such as advanced age, longer duration of diabetes, and suboptimal glycemic control were identified as significant risk factors for wound healing complications.Advanced age may be associated with compromised physiological processes, while longer duration of diabetes can contribute to microvascular and immune system dysfunction.Suboptimal glycemic control impairs wound healing due to prolonged hyperglycemia.These findings emphasize the need for preoperative optimization of glycemic control and close monitoring postoperatively to mitigate wound healing complications.
The type of surgery performed was found to influence wound healing outcomes, with certain procedures being associated with a higher risk of complications.Complex surgeries or procedures involving larger incisions may pose challenges to wound healing in diabetic patients.These findings suggest the importance of considering individual patient characteristics and tailoring perioperative management strategies accordingly.Implementing comprehensive preoperative assessments, optimizing glycemic control, providing appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis, and implementing meticulous wound care protocols can significantly reduce the incidence of surgical site infections and promote better wound healing outcomes.

Conclusion:
This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and risk factors associated with wound healing complications in diabetic patients undergoing surgery in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.The identification of independent risk factors offers an opportunity to develop targeted interventions and protocols to improve perioperative management and reduce the burden of wound healing complications.Implementing evidence-based strategies, including optimizing glycemic control, adhering to strict infection control measures, and providing comprehensive wound care, can contribute to improved surgical outcomes in this vulnerable population.Further prospective studies and clinical trials are warranted to validate the findings and explore novel approaches to enhance surgical outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing surgery in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.By addressing the identified risk factors and implementing evidence-based interventions, healthcare providers can enhance the quality of care and improve outcomes for diabetic patients undergoing surgery in this region.