Impact of Environmental Pollution on Livelihood: An Economic Analysis

This paper mainly concentrates economic costs of water pollution, land pollution, Air pollution, atmosphere, and surface, (industrial) in the rural communities in terms of losses to agricultural production, human health, and livestock. The sampless areas viz. (1) Pasupathipalayam, (2) Kulathur, (3) Naduppalayam (4) Chathiram, (5) Sadaiyanpalayam (6) Govindan Palayam (7) Kuppam (8) Pavitthhram (9) Kuttakadai and (10) Punnam. The study clearly found that ground water qualisssssty are highly polluted in Pasupathi Palayam, Kulathur, Chathiram and Kuttakadai, because of these areas situated nearer to the textile industries. Further, they suggested proper environmental management plan will helps to control the release of effluent from textile units should take precaution before using water drinking, irrigation and other purposes. Otherwise, it may lead to much adverse health effect.


Introduction
India is indeed incredible for its natural wealth, Unity in Diversity, Movements, rich biodiversity, culture, colorful, festivals, dresses and costumes, religious and fauna and varying landscapes.India has made glorious progress in diverse fields since independence.But still there are several problems in the Indian society.Issues such as terrorism, caste discrimination, influence of westernization, and impact of much environmental pollution such as air, water, land, atmosphere, surface, etc., are damaging the natural resources and environment in India.Many developing countries including India have witnessed a lot of changes consequent modernizations in the process of production of goods and services the modern methods of production of goods and services deteriorated the environment and life support system.It is due to indiscriminate use and misuse of resources on the one hand and release of large quantity of uncontrolled pollutants on the other hand.They seriously deteriorated the environment.Venkatachalam. L (2000), study on "Economic Valuation of Water Used in the Household Sector: a Contingent Valuation Approach in a Developing Country Context", which was conducted in a suburban town of Coimbatore city which is a major industrial centre in South India.The study addressed three issues viz.(a) scope effect (b) information effect and (c) strategic bias.In the case of scope effect, the study coclsudede two levels of quantity of water to two independent sample households and the expected households who received higher quantity to be willing to pay more than those households who received the lower quantity of water.Andra Leason (2002) reviewed in recent years, the growth of industry, technology, population, and water use.Municipal and industrial wastes, chemicals fertilizer, herbicides have in filtered in to some aquifers.They that the pollution problems include sever leakage faulty septic tank operation and land fill leachates.Finally, this resulted half of the population of the planet to suffer from disease due to the polluted drinking water.Ratna Reddy V and Bhagirath Bchera (2005) their study on "Impact of water pollution on rural communities: An economic analysis".The study observed to assess the economic costs of water pollution, (industrial) in the rural communities in terms of losses to agricultural production, human health, and livestock.The costs estimates are based on the household level from two study villagesone a pollution-affected and another control (not affected by pollution) both located in one of the industrial belts in Andhra Pradesh, South India.The costs estimates revealed that the impact of industrial pollution on rural communities is quite substantial in monetary system.The study argued that the compensation principal might work if the estimates of damage are realistic.Nelliyat Prakash (2005) has conducted a study on falls of river Pandu.The effluents of various industries, like thermal power station, fertilizer plant, Panki industrial estate, dyes, Chemical and other industries, small arms factory, ordinance factory, Dada nagar industrial estate, electroplating, metal finishing, pharmaceuticals, soaps and detergents and domestic wastes of Govind Nagar locality, discharged about 2,00,000 gallon wastes per day.

Methodology
The present study is descriptive in nature comprised of primary and secondary sources of data to accomplish the set forth objectives of the study.The study is envisaged with multi stage random sampling method.In the first stage of the sampling design the researcher has identified the revenue villages of Karur district, based on the high levels of pollution.In the second stage samples have been identified on the basis of (non-probability) quota sampling method.In the third stage based on the stratification of rational distribution two persons for villages of Karur district were selected as respondents.The Karur district has 203 revenue villages.

Objectives of the Study
The present study sought to determine the severity of environmental and socio-economic impacts of pollution on local livelihoods in Karur district of Tamilnadu.The specific objectives of the study are as follows: 1.To study respondents realization on water pollution, land pollution air pollution in the study area.From the above table the researcher infers that most of the respondents were identified from the Aravakurichi taluk (116) followed by Kulithalai (90), Manmangalam (60), Krishnarayapuram (50), Kadavur (46), and Karur (44).The Aravakurichi and Kulithalai household respondents' representation on the impact of environmental pollution will influence the findings and as a result of the study was probable.

(48.4)
From the above table the researcher infers that 48.4 per cent of the respondents are realized as strongly agreed the statement of air pollution causes.Among the statements "Conserving energy in households, generating the power from clean energy sources like sun light, wind and gravity will reduce the toxic chemicals in the air" and "The government should educate the students at the school level how to save the nature from dust carried by the wind from locations with very little or no green cover" statements were highly agreed by 49.3 per cent of respondents.Rests of the statement were highly agreed by the respondents ranging from 46.8 to 49 per cent.Despite, air is polluted by industrial sector the carbon emission is an unavoidable situation in the economic growth propelled by of industrial and service sector contributions' towards the GDP of India.The above table shows that respondents opinion towards pollution impact and the levels of problems faced due to diseases in the study area.The results infers that majority 48.0 per cent of the respondents opined that 'highly affected', 17.0 per cent of them have expressed their views on 'affected', 15.5 per cent of them articulated as 'Not at all affected', 11.8 per cent of them have neutrally stated, 7.6 per cent of them have stated 'Not affected'.Majority of them 65 per cent felt that they have faced problems due to the pollution.The opinion of the respondents is evident that they were aware of pollution impact of disease they were experiencing.The government should create awareness more to the people by introducing special programmes for "how to face pollutions" in the study areas.

(100)
From the above table the researcher infers that the majority 48.30 per cent of the respondents spent money in the range of Rs.'10,001-Rs.20,000 and above', 17.0 per cent of them have spent in the range of Rs. '1001-Rs.2000',16 per cent of them have spent 'Below Rs.500-Rs.1000',11.8 per cent of them have spent in the range of Rs. '2001-Rs.5000';6.9 per cent of them have spent 'Rs.5001-Rs.10000'per annum.Majority of them 55.2 per cent have spent their money safeguarding from pollution.The government should provide the health care services to the Karur district people who are affected by pollution related diseases.5.12 shows the respondents' opinion towards sources of spending money to cure the health Illness.The researcher infers that majority 47.5 per cent of the respondents availed the services from the Tamil Nadu government health care schemes and insurance, 17.2 per cent of them were dependent on the sources of agricultural employment, 15.5 per cent of them underwent indication from their own savings, 12.6 per cent of them are spent from their monthly salary and only 7.1 per cent of them got loan from various sources.In Tamil Nadu government majority have benefited from health care schemes and insurance and have availed the medication services.The government should create the awareness to avail the "Muthalamaichar Kaappeetu Thittam"

Conclusion
The study been has concluded Karur district is highly used the own bore water and highly affected by water pollution as per the respondents' opinion.The water and land pollution is existed Cost is difficult to the people to spending more money for and against of pollution, they need to allocate the monthly income budget to pollutions also.Health hazard is harmful to the people to safeguard from the pollutions; they need to advise how to face the pollutions.Services against the pollution are not satisfied by the respondents of the study.Services against the pollution are not satisfied by the respondents of the study.The above suggestions are considered by the respective authorities and people, definitely the study will give an impact on the environmental pollution affected by the several aspects in India.6. Nelliyat, P. (2005).Industrial growth and environmental degradation a case study of industrial pollution in tiruppur.7. Raja G. and Venkatesan.P (2010), "Assessment of Ground Water Pollution and its impact in and around Punnam Area of Karur District, Tamil Nadu, India", E-Journal of Chemistry, 7(2), pp.473- sources of spending money to cure the health Illness Source of spending money to cure health illness

Table No .5.1 Taluks wise Distribution of the Respondents Sl. No. Name of the Taluk No. of Revenue Villages Number of Respondents per Revenue Village
2. To identify the Opinion towards Air Pollution 3. To identify the Pollution impact and Level of Problems Faced due to the Diseases 4. To examine the Opinion towards Money Spend on Health Illness and Protection against Pollution