Effectiveness of Hand Massage on Reduction of Stress Level among Nurses Working In Rotational Shifts

In the present times, nurses who are operating in the rotational shifts face higher stress levels due to the nature of their profession. This could negatively impact on the physical and mental well-being of an individual that is affecting the professional and personal development of the individual. The following study has helped to explore the effectiveness of hand messages with an intervention of reducing the stress levels of an individual. The findings of this study have helped to improve the psychological and physical stress of an individual to provide benefits to the tangible nurses.


Introduction
Hand message is considered as a pharmacological intervention that consists of potential benefits to reduce stress among the nurses.It could be stated that the effectiveness of hand massage helps to reduce the biological stress in patients by the help of providing acute geriatric psychiatry services.In recent times it has become important to consider the effectiveness of hand massages to reduce the stress levels among nurses (Wang et al. 2022).It has become plausible that these messages can help in managing the stress levels of an individual.Certain research will be required to perform to understand the effectiveness of this service based on a specific setting.In this study, the effectiveness of hand massages has been discovered to reduce the stress levels of nurses.It will help the nurses to improve their health quality and to provide better service to their patients.It has also become important to consider that factors such as work schedules at the lifestyle patterns could also affect the stress levels among the nurses.

Benefits of Hand message in patients having dementia
At the present time, about 46.8 million people have been diagnosed with dementia and it has been assumed that it will rise to 74.7 million by 2030.Alongside the functional decline, patients who are having dementia might suffer from communication disorders and the psychiatric symptoms.The agitation has been defined consensually as the verbal or physical behaviour that can be considered as the direct result of emotional distress among the nurses.It could be considered as an unpleasant symptom that is strongly related to discomfort (Wiels et al. 2021).Agitation can also become the cause of emotional and physical strain among the caring nurses and with patients having dementia.There are several experts present that have recommended that non-pharmacological interventions will help to decrease the agitation in patients.Several studies agreed that the sensory approaches will help to exhibit the weakness and the requirement for a scientific development.

Psychological studies to determine the Cortisol levels of people receiving hand messages
The psychological studies have indicated that touch will help to induce the emotions in a person without developing practical simulations.Cortisol is the neuroendocrine indicator that is connected with the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (Mohd Azmi et al. 2021).SAA can also be considered as an indicator of the autonomic nervous system that helps to maintain the anxiety-related disorders.Based on the acute stresses, sAA increases have become popular to identify the cortisol release by 13.5 min (Nguyen et al. 2023).It could be suggested that a reliable connection between sAA and sC could produce a better understanding of the various degrees of psychological stress.The positive effects of messages on the agitated patients can be explained by the help of a stress reduction process that will help to decrease anxiety and the emotional distress.

Methods and Material
The World Health Organization has stated that 50% of the working nurses remain under stress due to different conditions.30% of the nurses suffer from marital discord, and 49% suffer from nausea or upset stomach.Furthermore, 71% of the nurses do not feel enough productive and get into depression regularly.UNESCO has specified that 50% of the growing children suffer from stressful conditions worldwide (Varghese et al. 2021).Longer hours of the shift duty and working with hazardous chemicals have become difficult for nurses in the present time.In the process of reviewing stress and their consequences, coping strategies will be required to develop such that a method of response can be provided to identify the nature of stress.In lowering the effects of professional stress, improved team cooperation and social support will be required to protect the nurses against burnout.Healthcare professionals often experience higher levels of stress due to the demanding nature of their work.It has been considered true for the people who are currently working in notational shifts thereby disturbing their sleep patterns and the various aspects of their personal life.There are several experts who have recommended that the non-pharmacological interventions will help to decrease the agitation in patients having dementia.Mechanoreceptors have been considered relevant in the feet and hands of the nurses.An experimental study has developed that hand messages could provide a significant effect on the decrease of salivary cortisol levels.This will help to improve the mood of people having cancer and with moderate cognitive impairment.The impact of massage has produced significant health implications and effects on the biological markers.A present study has shown that the self-critical individual consists of normal cognition and maintains their cortisol level at a normal range.Agitation in the people with dementia has become a significant concern in the recent times since it causes relational disorders among both nurses and patients.The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of hand massage towards reducing the stresses of the nurse based on an acute geriatric service (Patonengan et al. 2023).It can be considered from various services that most of the nurses work 2 to 3 shifts per day since they have to monitor the patient's condition regularly.The shift workers have experienced psychological health problems that do not match the rhythm of their bodies based on their daily lives.The health of the nurses has been threatened by the various occupations and excessive workload present.The different harmful environments such as contact with the patients could cause physical and mental health problems.An increasing stress could impact negatively on the life quality of nurses by reducing they are mental and physical performance.This will significantly induce the fatigue and an increasing burnout and turnover rates.It could also be the reason for maladaptation syndrome that involves emotional disorders and the different cardiovascular diseases (Popovic and Lavie, 2023).The psychological and physical pathologies could possess serious effects on the recovery of a specific disease.The higher level of self-efficacy will help to highlight the major problems and the development of a positive performance in their nursing career.The importance of fatigue and stress management will help the nurses to manage their stress effectively based on their busy schedules.

Analysis and Discussion
Healthcare professionals specifically the nurses have experienced higher levels of stress based on the demanding nature of their job.This has been considered true for the people working in rotational shifts since the irregularity in their sleep patterns could lead to an increase in their stress levels.In this aspect, hand messages have been considered a non-pharmacological intervention consisting of potential benefits that help to reduce the stress levels.A pilot study has been performed that involves that patients with dementia who have reported a decrease in their agitation process (Benthien et al. 2023).The study has also confirmed that there could be several beneficial effects on the hospitalized patients who are suffering from dementia.It has further measured the levels of salivary cortisol which are the primary biological markers of stress.An intervention of this group has exhibited large increases in the sC and sAA aspects thereby providing a significant group effect for the sAA present at weak 2. The primary challenges have been highlighted that are associated with the complex patient populations.) A significant research will be required that will help to confirm the findings and the benefits of hand massage as a part of the routine care among the patients having dementia.Hand massage developed promising stress reduction techniques and the establishment of their effectiveness among the nurses who are working in rotational shifts.It has been considered an important area of the study that has helped to provide certain implications to improve the productivity and well-being of the healthcare professionals.It will also become important to consider the development of work schedules and the lifestyle patterns during assessing the stress levels among the nurses present.Reflexology has been performed as the message therapy that focuses mainly on the pressure points and helps to resolve the health issues as per the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (Hassan et al. 2022).In this process, specific pressure has been applied to the hands that helps to influence the health of corresponding parts of the body.One of the commonly accepted theories is that it helps to calm the central nervous system and reduces the stress levels overall.The possible benefits of this process could be highlighted as reducing mental disorders and to increase the productivity of the nurses.It also helps to reduce anxiety among the patients who are suffering from coronary artery graft surgery (Ali et al. 2020).This process has been proven to be beneficial in determining the depression rates and to work with improving them significantly.

Conclusion and Recommendation
This study has suggested that hand messages could provide beneficial effects on the agitation and stress of hospitalized patients who are suffering from dementia.A piece of proper evidence has not been gathered that proves that stress is reduced effectively among the nurses with the help of this method.

Recommendations
• Future research will be required on this topic that will help to determine the effectiveness of hand massage in stress reduction.• The health care institutions will be required to incorporate based on their routine care for the nurses.
This will help to potentially improve the productivity of Healthcare professionals.
• Furthermore, can utilize the findings of the study towards the development of new policies that are related to the Healthcare worker and their well-being.This will help the process of hand massage in providing effective stress reduction techniques as a part of their wellness programs.

Figure 2 :
Figure 2: Reflexology hand message chart (Source: Naruse and Moss, 2021) Head massage has been considered as one such intervention that consists of potential benefits towards reducing the stress of an individual (Naruse and Moss, 2021).The stimulation of cutaneous mechanoreceptors has provided various stress modulation processes alongside having other benefits.Mechanoreceptors have been considered relevant in the feet and hands of the nurses.An experimental study has developed that hand messages could provide a significant effect on the decrease of salivary cortisol levels.This will help to improve the mood of people having cancer and with moderate cognitive impairment.The impact of massage has produced significant health implications and effects on the biological markers.A present study has shown that the self-critical individual consists of normal cognition and maintains their cortisol level at a normal range.Agitation in the people with dementia has become a significant concern in the recent times since it causes relational disorders among both nurses and patients.The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of hand massage towards reducing the

Figure 3 :
Figure 3: Hand message techniques (Source: Benthien et al. 2023) A significant research will be required that will help to confirm the findings and the benefits of hand massage as a part of the routine care among the patients having dementia.Hand massage developed promising stress reduction techniques and the establishment of their effectiveness among the nurses who are working in rotational shifts.It has been considered an important area of the study that has helped to provide certain implications to improve the productivity and well-being of the healthcare professionals.It will also become important to consider the development of work schedules and the lifestyle patterns during assessing the stress levels among the nurses present.Reflexology has been performed as the message therapy that focuses mainly on the pressure points and helps to resolve the health issues as per the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health(Hassan et al. 2022).In this process, specific pressure has been applied to the hands that helps to influence the health of corresponding parts of the body.One of the commonly accepted theories is that it helps to calm the central nervous system and reduces the stress levels overall.The possible benefits of this process could be highlighted as reducing mental disorders and to increase the productivity of the nurses.It also helps to reduce anxiety among the patients who are suffering from coronary artery graft surgery(Ali et al. 2020).This process has been proven to be beneficial in determining the depression rates and to work with improving them significantly.