Comprehensive Study of Ornamental Flowering Plants at Sangam University: A Botanical, Economic and Morphological Analysis

: The present study performed at Sangam University aimed to identify and understand various ornamental members of diverse plant families including Amaryllidaceae, Apocynaceae, Araucariaceae, Arecaceae, Araceae, Asparagaceae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Combretaceae, Cupressaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, Nyctaginaceae, Oleaceae, Pandanaceae, Passifloraceae, Rhamnaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Verbenaceae, Zamiaceae, and Zingiberaceae. The concern of the research was on plant identification and exploring the economic importance of these species. Through detail-oriented fieldwork and observation, the identified plants were categorized into their respective families, providing valuable insights into the rich biodiversity of the Sangam University. The economic importance of these plants was thoroughly examined, considering their applications in medicine, landscaping, traditional uses, and potential commercial uses. The morphological analysis was also done in few flowering ornamental plants to comprehend more precisely about the species. This research contributes to the understanding of plant diversity and their economic relevance in a garden setting. The findings underscore the significance of preserving and showcasing these plant families for educational, cultural, and economic purposes. Further investigations and collaborations are recommended to enhance the knowledge base and promote sustainable practices related to the identified plant families.


Introduction:
This research aims to identify and comprehend the diversity of plant species present in the Ornamental Museum of Sangam University Campus.The main motto of selecting the ornamental flowering plants is to highlight the uses of the plants and their species in various industries rather than just beautifying the gardens and landscapes.Background information on the significance of ornamental plants in gardens.Overview of Sangam University Museum Garden and its importance as a botanical and educational resource.Literature Review: Review of literature on the role of ornamental plants in enhancing garden aesthetics.Discussion of the environmental benefits of ornamental plants, including air purification, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity support.Methods: • photography.
• Sampling strategy for selecting ornamental plant species for analysis.The methods used in this research were taking photographs manually of the plants and description of the research methods used, including field observations, plant identification, and the measurement of height, width and various measurements of morphological features of different ornamental flowering plants were also taken manually.

Results:
Presentation of findings on the diversity of ornamental plant species in the Sangam University Museum Garden.
• Description of the identified plant species and their uses in the garden.

Apocynaceae
Plant is used in cancer and diabetes; root paste is used in septic wounds; root decoction is used in fever; leaves are used in menorrhagia; leaf juice is used in blood dysentery.The decoction of leaf is used for babies in gripping pain while the latex is useful in scabies.

Plumeria alba
Apocynaceae Plumera alba is a traditional and ancient folklore medicine known for its antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant properties.

Plumeria rubra
Apocynaceae The extract is rich in antioxidant and their antimicrobial activities help combat flu, cures fever, and also improves eyesight.The presence of powerful flavonoids also makes an excellent cure for rheumatoid arthritis.It also alleviates symptoms of health disorders such as gout and vertigo.

Apocynaceae
Tabernaemontana divaricata (TD) from Apocynaceae family offers the traditional folklore medicinal benefits such as an anti-epileptic, anti-mania, brain tonic, and antioxidant.

Araucariaceae
Cultivated in gardens for its conical arche structure.

Arecaceae
They produce edible fruit, which was a minor food source for Native Americans.The fruit is also a food source for birds, who in turn, disperse the seeds.These palms are most often cultivated as ornamental trees.

Asparagaceae
Purifies air and is said to be a good luck plant that brings positive energies Leucocrinum montanum

Asparagaceae
The roots of star lily were reportedly used for food by the Crow Indians.The Paiute and Shoshoni Indians used a poultice of the pulverized roots and applied it to sores and swellings.

Asteraceae
Stephanomeria cichoriacea is a popular ornamental plant used in gardens and landscapes.It is also used as a filler in flower arrangements and bouquets.

Tecoma stans
Bignoniaceae It is used in traditional medicine as a remedy for diabetes mellitus, digestive problems, stomach pain, intestinal worms, and snake bite Combretum indicum

Combretaceae
Combretum indicum is widely cultivated as an ornamental, often planted in hedges or allowed to grow over a support.In West • Discussion of the importance of incorporating ornamental plants into garden design for aesthetic and environmental purposes.• Suggestions for future research and practical applications in garden design and management.

Conclusion: 6.
• Summary of key findings regarding the uses of ornamental plant species in the Sangam University Museum Garden.• Implications of the study for garden design, environmental conservation, and education.
• Final thoughts on the significance of ornamental plants in creating beautiful and sustainable gardens.In the above table and chart, it is shown that these ornamental flowering plants not only enhance the beauty of the gardens and landscapes but these are also used in the pharmaceutical, aromatic, lumber production, air purification, insect repellents, etc. industries.These plants are of great importance because they also help in the reduction of air humidity, improves the quality of air indoors as well as outdoors.
• Email: editor@ijfmr.comIJFMR240319795 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 2 levels indoors.Reduces indoor pollutants Hyophorbe lagenicaulis Arecaceae It can be used along a driveway (in warm areas), along a street side, patio or randomly placed in open areas of the garden.Livistona chinensis Arecaceae Livistona chinensis is used in traditional Chinese medicine as an anticancer agent.Experimental studies have shown the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties of extracts of L. chinensis fruits and seeds.Rhapis excelsa Arecaceae Rhapis Excelsa truly purifies and improves the quality of the air in your house, in contrast to other plants that only produce oxygen.Syngonium podophyllum Araceae Syngonium plants are not just decorative, they have the ability to cleanse the air you, breathe and act as anti-pollutants.

no. Botanical name Picture Family name Economic importance 1 Polianthes tuberosa
• Analysis of how these plants contribute to the garden's visual appeal and ecological functions.In this research, we identified that a total of twenty-four families of ornamental plants are present in the Ornamental Museum of Sangam University Campus.In which Apocynaceae, Arecaceae and Euphorbiaceae have large number of plant species.The frequency of the families occurring is shown below in the form of the chart.The main purpose of this research is to discover the economic uses of the ornamental flowering plants.Through this research, their economic uses are identified and is shown below in the table of each plant.S.IJFMR240319795 Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June 2024 3 Catharanthus roseus