International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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The Absurd Human Condition in Albert Camus: Existential Themes of Freedom, Revolt, and Responsibility in Selected Novels

Author(s) Rekha S., Dr. Anshu Sharma
Country India
Abstract The fiction of Albert Camus constitutes one of the most sustained literary engagements with the central questions of twentieth-century philosophical thought. His three major novels — The Outsider, The Plague, and The Fall — explore with remarkable consistency the implications of what Camus identified as the absurd condition: the irreducible tension between human desire for coherent meaning and the universe's refusal to provide it. This paper examines the existential dimensions of Camus' novelistic imagination, arguing that his fiction does not merely illustrate philosophical propositions but actively participates in their formation and testing. It is argued that the themes of freedom, revolt, and moral responsibility, as they emerge through the experiences of Meursault, Rieux, and Clamence, constitute an ethical response to absurdity that is both philosophically rigorous and humanly compelling. Through close attention to characterisation, narrative structure, and symbolic organisation, it is demonstrated that Camus develops across these three novels a coherent existential humanism — one that insists on human dignity precisely where metaphysical foundations are unavailable. The paper further situates this reading within the broader context of existentialist literary criticism, identifying both the productive insights and the interpretive limits of this critical tradition.
Keywords Albert Camus, Absurdism, Existentialism, The Outsider, The Plague, The Fall, Freedom, Revolt, Responsibility, Existential Humanism
Published In Conference / Special Issue (Volume 8 | Issue 3) - Two-Day National Conference on “Women Led Development: Pathways to Inclusive, Sustainable, & Equitable Growth” (DePaul-2026) (May 2026)
Published On 2026-05-03
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.DePaul-2026.1911
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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