International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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Nanomaterials for Environmental Remediation: Mechanisms, Applications, and Prospects: A Mini-Review

Author(s) K. Thirupathaiah, Rumandla Lavanya, Chintha Muthaiah
Country India
Abstract Environmental contamination from heavy metals, organic dyes, pesticides, and emerging micropollutants has become a defining crisis of the 21st century. Conventional treatment methods often fall short due to low selectivity, high energy demands, and the generation of secondary waste. Nanomaterials, owing to their exceptional surface-area-to-volume ratios, tunable surface chemistry, and quantum-scale reactivity, have emerged as transformative agents in environmental remediation. This review critically examines the principal classes of nanomaterials—metal oxides, carbon-based nanostructures, zero-valent iron, and nanocomposites—and evaluates their mechanistic roles in the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, with particular emphasis on synthetic dyes such as methylene blue, Congo red, and malachite green. Key performance parameters including degradation efficiency, kinetics, recyclability, and catalyst stability are assessed through comparative analysis. Challenges around nanotoxicity, scalability, and regulatory frameworks are discussed, along with the outlook for green synthesis approaches and hybrid nanomaterial systems.
Keywords Nanomaterials, Environmental Remediation, Organic Dye Degradation, Photocatalysis, Adsorption, Heavy Metals, Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, Green Synthesis
Published In Conference / Special Issue (Volume 8 | Issue 3) - National Seminar on Sustainability in Focus: Innovations for Greener Tomorrow: A Multidisciplinary Approach (NSSFIGTMA-2025) (June 2026)
Published On 2026-06-24
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.NSSFIGTMA-2025.2004
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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