International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Indian Regulatory Policies for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development

Author(s) Dr. P. Ravichandra, P. Satyanarayana Reddy, Dr. A. Inna Reddy, R. Srilakshmi
Country India
Abstract India has established an extensive regulatory framework to safeguard the environment while advancing sustainable development across social and economic sectors. Anchored in constitutional provisions and global commitments such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Climate Agreement, the country has introduced diverse legislation, policies, and institutional mechanisms aimed at curbing environmental degradation, promoting resource efficiency, and strengthening climate resilience. Core environmental laws—including the Environment (Protection) Act, the Air and Water Acts, the Wildlife Protection Act, and the Forest Conservation Act—form the legal foundation for pollution control, biodiversity conservation, and responsible management of natural resources. These are supported by national strategies such as the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), renewable energy missions, sustainable waste management policies, green building initiatives, and ESG-driven corporate governance norms. Institutions like the National Green Tribunal (NGT), along with initiatives such as the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) rules, and Plastic Waste Management Rules, further reflect India’s growing emphasis on climate resilience, circular economic models, and environmental accountability. Recent regulatory developments—including digital monitoring systems, carbon market policies, green finance mechanisms, and public–private partnerships—demonstrate a shift toward low-carbon growth and sustainable infrastructure. Despite meaningful progress, challenges persist in regulatory enforcement, interagency coordination, data transparency, and reconciling developmental priorities with ecological preservation. Strengthening institutional capacities, fostering community participation, and enhancing technological integration remain essential to address these challenges. Collectively, India’s evolving environmental governance framework highlights a proactive national commitment to harmonize development with ecological sustainability and achieve long-term environmental protection aligned with the SDGs.
Keywords Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), National Green Tribunal (NGT), National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), Environment (Protection) Act, National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
Published In Conference / Special Issue (Volume 8 | Issue 3) - National Seminar on Sustainability in Focus: Innovations for Greener Tomorrow: A Multidisciplinary Approach (NSSFIGTMA-2025) (June 2026)
Published On 2026-06-24
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.NSSFIGTMA-2025.2013
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