Assessing India's Readiness for Public Health Emergencies: Governance, Policy, and Executive Powers.

Jyotirmaya Pal

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.61769

Assessing India's Readiness for Public Health Emergencies: Governance, Policy, and Executive Powers.

Author(s)	Mr. Jyotirmaya Pal
Country	India
Abstract	Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897 (Empowers state governments to address epidemics).Disaster Management Act, 2005 (Provides a framework of disaster management, including emergencies in the field of public health). National Health Policy, 2017 ( Aims to improve health infrastructure and emergency preparedness). Authorize the executive with great discretion to deal with public health crises in India. In times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, cyclone, flood these statutes enabled the executive to act quickly in response to the situation, such as lockdowns and healthcare regulations. Nonetheless, these wide discretionary authorities have issues of accountability of executives in terms of balancing the easier harmonization of government and non-government healthcare facilities. This essay features a critical review of the use of executive discretion in response to these emergency laws in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. It relies on empirical evidence on the part of stakeholders like government officials, jurists, and healthcare institutions to determine the effect of executive decisions on rights, governance, and health outcomes of the people. This paper has also examined the divergence of views in both the executive and the judicial branch regarding the issue of rights infringement with particular references of the judiciary interventions in regard to safeguarding constitutional rights. Through these issues, India will be able to reconcile the demands of population health with the demands of the constitution and will be in a better position to have a more responsible and efficient response during similar health epidemics. The study highlights the importance of a more systematic approach to executive discretion and the necessity to make sure that emergency response is effective and respectful of basic rights.
Keywords	Disaster management, public health, constitutional rights, COVID-19, Executive power
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-11-29
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.61769
Short DOI	https://doi.org/hbdr7k

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Assessing India's Readiness for Public Health Emergencies: Governance, Policy, and Executive Powers.

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