Sexual and Reproductive Health Experience, Knowledge and Problems among Technical and Vocational Teachers’ College Students in Zambia

NAKUBYANA MUKUMANO

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.38162

Sexual and Reproductive Health Experience, Knowledge and Problems among Technical and Vocational Teachers’ College Students in Zambia

Author(s)	NAKUBYANA MUKUMANO
Country	Zambia
Abstract	Abstract The study highlights critical issues surrounding sexual and reproductive health (SRH) among students at Technical and Vocational Teachers’ College (TVTC) in Zambia. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, it reveals substantial gaps in SRH knowledge, inconsistent condom use, and significant barriers to accessing SRH services. The findings of the study emphasize the urgent need for comprehensive SRH education and improved service accessibility for adolescents. Globally, in 2015, an estimated 36.7 million people were living with HIV; including 3.2 million, children under 15 and 4 million young individuals aged 15–24. In Zambia, around 13.3% of the population aged 15–49 is affected by HIV/AIDS, with adolescents particularly vulnerable; by the end of 2015, approximately 68,000 adolescents aged 10–19 were living with HIV. The transition through adolescence is marked by physiological and emotional development, yet adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) face unique challenges such as managing their health status, stigma, and the complexities of disclosing their condition. Despite these challenges, ALHIV are exploring their sexuality and forming relationships. A study from 2013 indicated that 21% of adolescents aged 15–19 living with HIV had engaged in sexual activity, with a troubling prevalence of forced sex reported among them. The legal age of consent in Zambia is 16, yet many adolescents experience sexual debut before this age. Unprotected sexual activity poses risks such as unintended pregnancies and increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), often exacerbated by their compromised immune systems. This study aimed at investigating the SRH needs of this vulnerable group in Zambia, highlighting the necessity for targeted interventions to support their health and well-being.
Keywords	Key words: • Adolescents • Condoms • Contraceptive methods • Copperbelt Province • Cultural norms • Emergency contraception • HIV/AIDS • SRH services • Sexual education • STIs • Students • Technical and Vocational Teachers’ Colleges (TVTCs) • Unintended pregnancies • Zambia
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2025
Published On	2025-07-05
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.38162
Short DOI	https://doi.org/g9s896

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Sexual and Reproductive Health Experience, Knowledge and Problems among Technical and Vocational Teachers’ College Students in Zambia

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