International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Article 371A and Regional Autonomy in Nagaland: Political Implications and Challenges

Author(s) Metsheteo Chiezou, Dr. Sumedh Lokhande
Country India
Abstract Article 371A of the Indian Constitution is a pivotal legal provision that recognizes and safeguards Nagaland’s unique historical, cultural, and social identity while ensuring its integration within the Indian Union. Emerging from a legacy of colonial exclusion, nationalist struggles, and the 16-Point Agreement of 1960, Article 371A grants Nagaland extensive autonomy over its customary laws, religious and social practices, land rights, and local governance. This study reveals that while the provision has empowered Nagaland to preserve its indigenous legal systems and traditions, it has also generated significant challenges—such as tensions between customary practices and modern governance, economic constraints arising from restrictive land policies, and political disputes over issues like women’s reservations in urban local bodies and resistance to the Uniform Civil Code. Comparative analysis with similar provisions in Mizoram, Manipur, and the tribal areas governed by the Sixth Schedule indicates that Nagaland enjoys one of the strongest forms of legislative autonomy in India, yet this autonomy is accompanied by complex administrative and economic dilemmas. Overall, the provision is both a protector of Naga identity and a contributor to contemporary governance challenges, underscoring the need for a balanced approach that harmonizes traditional rights with modern demands for development and inclusivity.
Keywords Article 371A, Nagaland, Regional Autonomy, Customary Laws, Asymmetric Federalism, Legal Pluralism.
Field Arts
Published In Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2025
Published On 2025-04-10
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i02.41184
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9fcbh
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