International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Identification of candidate genes for late leaf spot resistance in previous QTL regions for late leaf spot and rust resistance in groundnut.

Author(s) Ms. Devi Harshitha K, Prof. Darshini Mahesh Pujar
Country India
Abstract Late leaf spot (LLS) and rust are major biotic constraints in Arachis hypogaea, governed by
complex polygenic resistance largely mapped to QTL-rich regions on chromosomes A02 and
A03. This review synthesizes recent advancements in the identification, mapping, and
deployment of candidate resistance genes within these loci. Resistance is underpinned by key
gene families including NBS-LRRs, RLKs, serine/threonine kinases, and PPR proteins,
identified through integrative approaches combining QTL-seq, transcriptomics,
metabolomics, and high-density SNP genotyping. Functional validation using RNAi,
CRISPR/Cas9, and overexpression has confirmed the regulatory roles of genes such as
LLSR1, LLSR2, and LR1 in mediating defense via ROS homeostasis, PTI/ETI signaling, and
secondary metabolism. The development of diagnostic KASP markers has enabled marker-
assisted selection (MAS) and early-generation pyramiding of non-allelic loci, accelerating the
release of resistant cultivars like Girnar 4 and GG 39. Cross-species synteny and comparative
QTL analysis further reveal conserved defense networks across legumes and cereals,
supporting translational breeding strategies. Collectively, this genomics-driven framework
underscores a shift toward precision resistance breeding, integrating functional gene
discovery with high-throughput marker deployment for durable, broad-spectrum foliar
disease resistance in groundnut.
Keywords Arachis hypogaea, Late leaf spot (LLS), Quantitative trait loci (QTL), Marker assisted selection (MAS), KASP markers, Functional genomics, Disease resistance breeding.
Field Biology > Genetics / Molecular
Published In Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2025
Published On 2025-05-23
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i03.45583
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9mnxb
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