International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 7 Issue 3
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Is Indian Democracy Deepening or Declining? Public Opinion Insights From 75 Years of Democratic Experience

Author(s) Dr. BHASKARA RAJU r MUPPALA
Country India
Abstract India’s democracy began with its constitutional inception in 1950 and has faced numerous challenges that continue to the present day, including those anticipated by Indian constitutional founders. Despite being the world’s largest democracy, India has faced oscillations between democratic consolidation and institutional decay. The study traces key phases of evolution from the foundational years marked by universal adult franchise and parliamentary democracy to setbacks during the emergency (1975-77) and the strengthening of participatory democracy through regionalism, social justice movements, and decentralisation through Panchayati Raj and Urban Local Bodies. It analyses recent trends, including centralisation of power, institutional autonomy, shrinking civil liberties, increasing electoral dominance of the single largest party, etc. While watchdogs label India an “electoral autocracy,” the resilience of civil society, judicial activism, and continued popular faith in elections indicate underlying democratic strength. The paper draws on public opinion surveys to understand whether India’s democracy has deepened or declined in the view of the public. The study concludes that Indian democracy remains dynamic but requires reforms in transparency, internal party democracy and inclusive representation to preserve its foundational values.
Keywords Indian Democracy, Civil Society, Inclusivity, Judicial Activism, Constitutional Governance
Field Sociology > Politics
Published In Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2025
Published On 2025-06-01
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i03.46839
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9m2cx
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