International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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The NPA Pendulum: Economic Shocks, Policy Responses, and Asset Quality in Indian Banking (2015-2023)

Author(s) Mr. Rudraansh Tripathi, Mr. Subodh Dave
Country India
Abstract The banking sector in India struggled with a significant accumulation of Non- Performing Assets after the North Atlantic Financial Crisis of 2008, in part because of heightened corporate borrowing and volatile market conditions.

The period stretching from 2015 to 2023 marks a critical phase where Indian authorities would implement major reforms to address this crisis. With reforms like the Asset Quality Review (AQR) and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), policymakers would initially succeed as asset quality improved, but the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted this rate of progress.

This paper analyzes the implementation and effects of these policy responses within their economic context, analyzing how the interventions, coupled with economic shocks put the financial system's asset quality on a pendulum-like trajectory. Moreover, the study evaluates previous mistakes in financial management against the backdrop of the current financial system and suggests avenues for future research and policy improvements.
Keywords Non-Performing Assets, NPA, Indian Banking, Economic Shocks, Policy Responses, Asset Quality Review, AQR, Insolvency And Bankruptcy Code, IBC, COVID-19 Pandemic, Regulatory Forbearance, Bank Profitability, Lending Capacity, Capital Adequacy, Industrial Loans, Infrastructure Loans, Bank Recapitalization, Bank Mergers, Loan Moratoriums, Restructuring Schemes, NARCL, IDRCL, Bad Bank, Defaulted Loans, PCA, Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, Commodity Prices, Corruption, Bank Board Bureau
Field Sociology > Banking / Finance
Published In Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2025
Published On 2025-06-23
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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