International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Agile vs. Traditional Project Management: A Comparative Study of Project Success Factors in the Tech Industry.

Author(s) Ms. Pamela Mketiwa, Mr. Bonface Sibanda, Mr. Terence Chigodora, Mr. Blessing Ndawana
Country Zimbabwe
Abstract The rapid evolution of the tech industry has intensified the debate between Agile and traditional Waterfall project management methodologies. This meta-analysis systematically compares the effectiveness of Agile and Waterfall approaches in IT projects, with the aim of determining which methodology better aligns with project success in terms of cost, time, and stakeholder satisfaction. The study addresses two key objectives: (1) to evaluate the comparative performance of Agile and Waterfall methodologies across IT projects, and (2) to identify contextual factors that influence their effectiveness. Synthesizing findings from 25 peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2023, the analysis reveals that Agile methodologies consistently outperform Waterfall in stakeholder satisfaction and adaptability to changing requirements, attributed to iterative development and continuous feedback loops. However, results on cost and time efficiency are mixed; while Agile reduces risks of large-scale budget overruns, Waterfall demonstrates higher predictability in fixed-scope projects with well-defined requirements. The study also identifies key moderating variables, including project complexity, team size, and organisational culture, which influence methodology effectiveness. These findings provide actionable insights for project managers in the tech industry, suggesting that hybrid approaches may be optimal depending on project constraints. The study contributes to the ongoing discourse on project management best practices by offering a data-driven comparison while highlighting gaps for future research, particularly in long-term Agile implementations.
Keywords Agile Methodologies, Waterfall Methodologies, Project Management, Meta-analysis and Information Technologies
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2025
Published On 2025-07-15
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.49732
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9s9cs
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