International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Comparative Study of Childhood Vaccine Policy Frameworks: What Can India Learn from Global Best Practices?

Author(s) Ms. Mahima Sharma, Dr. Vishant Sharma
Country India
Abstract This study presents a comparative analysis of childhood vaccine policy frameworks in five countries Australia, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Japan, and Rwanda with the objective of identifying global best practices that could inform strategic improvements in India’s Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP). Despite being one of the world’s largest immunization programs, India continues to face challenges such as uneven coverage, weak digital tracking, regional disparities, and vaccine hesitancy. The research adopts a qualitative comparative policy analysis framework, supported by secondary data sourced from WHO, UNICEF, Gavi, NFHS-5, and national health ministries. Key indicators used for comparison include vaccine coverage rates (DPT3, MMR), financing mechanisms, legal frameworks, digital health infrastructure, public engagement strategies, and system resilience during public health emergencies. Findings indicate that countries with strong legal mandates, integrated digital immunization registries, consistent public financing, and community-centered engagement models achieve higher vaccine coverage and program sustainability. In contrast, India’s program suffers from fragmented governance, limited digital reach, and underfunding. Based on the comparative synthesis, the study recommends a set of reforms for India: enacting a national immunization law, developing a unified digital vaccine registry, increasing public health investment, expanding community-based IEC campaigns, and institutionalizing local accountability structures. These recommendations are intended to support India’s efforts in achieving universal and equitable childhood immunization outcomes. The study concludes that context-sensitive adaptation of proven global practices can significantly strengthen India’s immunization landscape in the post-COVID era.
Keywords Childhood Immunization, Vaccine Policy, Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP)
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2025
Published On 2025-07-07
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.49824
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9s9b7
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