Biodiversity at Risk: Challenges and Preservation Approaches

Deepika Kumari; Alok Kumar Bansal

Biodiversity at Risk: Challenges and Preservation Approaches

Author(s)	Ms. Deepika Kumari, Dr. Alok Kumar Bansal
Country	India
Abstract	Abstract Biodiversity encompasses the diversity of life forms on Earth, including a vast array of plants, animals, microorganisms, the genetic material they contain, and the ecosystems they inhabit. It comprises variations at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels across different biomes, regions, or the planet as a whole. Biodiversity plays a critical role in maintaining ecological balance and offers numerous benefits, such as enhancing the aesthetic value of nature and supporting human livelihoods by providing essential resources like food, fuel, fodder, timber, and medicine.Functioning as the Earth's life-support system, biodiversity is fundamental to the survival of all organisms, offering clean air, potable water, and nutritious food. Natural processes such as water purification in wetlands, carbon sequestration by vegetation, and organic matter decomposition by microbes are all sustained by biodiversity. Scientific studies have established a strong link between native species richness and both ecosystem health and human well-being.Ecosystem services provided by biodiversity include soil formation and preservation, water conservation and purification, maintenance of hydrological and biochemical cycles, and the natural breakdown of waste and pollutants. Despite these indispensable services, biodiversity is under severe threat due to human activities—primarily unsustainable resource use, poor environmental policies, pollution, institutional failures, and the accelerating impacts of climate change.To ensure both intra-generational and inter-generational equity, the conservation of biodiversity is essential. Current conservation practices include reforestation, the establishment of zoological and botanical gardens, protected areas such as national parks and biosphere reserves, genetic preservation through germplasm banks, modern biotechnological interventions such as tissue culture and selective breeding, and social forestry initiatives aimed at reducing human pressure on forest ecosystems.
Keywords	Keywords: Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystem Services
Published In	Volume 4, Issue 3, May-June 2022
Published On	2022-06-10

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Biodiversity at Risk: Challenges and Preservation Approaches

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