Unlicensed Cosmetic Botulinum Injection Leading to Iatrogenic Botulism: A Case Analysis and Insights

Author(s)	Dr. Farhah Humairah Jamaluddin, Dr. Muhammad Firdaus Abas, Dr. Ariffuddin Ishak, Dr. Nur Raihana Nordin
Country	Malaysia
Abstract	Iatrogenic botulism is a rare side effect but serious complication may arise from botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) administration. We report a case 21-year-old woman who developed bulbar symptoms following cosmetic BoNT injection at unlicensed beauty centre, and diagnosis was made based on history, physical examinations and exclusion of other neurological disorders. This case report emphasizing on proper BoNT administration, prompt and early recognition of complications and the need for regulatory body surveillance. Broader implications are also discussed, including public health concerns, diagnostic challenges, therapeutic considerations, and the importance of practitioner education.
Keywords	Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT)
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2025
Published On	2025-08-01
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.52450
Short DOI	https://doi.org/g9vzhj

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