International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Myanmar’s Instability and Its Impact on Internal Security in Northeast India: A Geopolitical and Securitization Analysis

Author(s) Dr. Nongthombam Brojendro Singh
Country India
Abstract Abstract:
This paper examines how the political crisis in Myanmar following the 2021 military coup has affected internal security in Northeast India, especially in the border states of Manipur and Mizoram. The conflict in Myanmar has led to increased cross-border migration, insurgent movement, and transnational crime, challenging India’s border security and governance capacity. Using the frameworks of Realist Geopolitics and Securitization Theory, the paper analyzes India’s strategic and policy responses. The Realist perspective highlights how Myanmar’s instability creates a power vacuum, facilitating insurgent regrouping and illegal networks along the India-Myanmar border. Northeast India, viewed as a strategic buffer zone, is directly impacted by these disruptions. Securitization Theory helps explain how India frames the refugee influx and ethnic unrest as security threats. This has led to exceptional policy measures such as border militarization and the application of special laws. However, these measures often overlook local ethnic dynamics and humanitarian needs, leading to social alienation and tension within border communities. The paper draws on policy reports, refugee data, and ethnographic insights to show that current security-centric approaches may exacerbate long-term instability. It argues for a balanced strategy that integrates border security with community engagement, inclusive governance, and regional cooperation involving Myanmar’s civil society and ethnic groups.

Keywords: Myanmar crisis, Northeast India, internal security, Realist Geopolitics, Securitization Theory, cross-border migration, insurgency, Manipur, Mizoram, refugee policy
Keywords Keywords: Myanmar crisis, Northeast India, internal security, Realist Geopolitics, Securitization Theory, cross-border migration, insurgency, Manipur, Mizoram, refugee policy
Field Sociology > Politics
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2025
Published On 2025-08-04
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