International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160     Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 7, Issue 4 (July-August 2025) Submit your research before last 3 days of August to publish your research paper in the issue of July-August.

Hybrid Power Unit Efficiency in Formula 1: Thermal Management, Energy Recovery Strategies, and Performance Optimization

Author(s) Mr. Raghav Vasudev
Country India
Abstract Formula 1 hybrid power units (HPUs) combine highly optimized internal combustion engines
(ICEs) with sophisticated electrical energy recovery systems (ERS) to deliver exceptional
performance while meeting stringent efficiency and regulatory requirements. This paper
explores the thermodynamic performance, waste heat recovery, and energy deployment
strategies of modern Formula 1 HPUs, focusing on the integration between the 1.6 L
turbocharged V6 ICE and the MGU-H and MGU-K motor-generator units.
Drawing from FIA technical regulations, 2022–2024 team specifications, and computational
simulations, the research evaluates how thermal management and ERS strategies influence
lap-time performance, reliability, and efficiency. Results show that peak thermal efficiencies
approaching 50% are achievable under optimal race conditions. However, thermal thresholds,
FIA energy recovery caps, and battery state-of-charge (SOC) constraints impose operational
challenges.
The study also investigates potential future developments, including high-temperature
materials, solid-state batteries, and advanced hybrid control algorithms, with implications for
both motorsport and consumer vehicle technologies.
Keywords Hybrid power unit; Formula 1; Thermal management; Energy Recovery System (ERS); MGU-K; MGU-H; Powertrain efficiency; Thermodynamic simulation.
Field Physics > Mechanical Engineering
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2025
Published On 2025-08-13
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.53663
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9w7g2

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