International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160     Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 7, Issue 4 (July-August 2025) Submit your research before last 3 days of August to publish your research paper in the issue of July-August.

The Macroeconomic Trilemma: Balancing GDP Growth, Full Employment, and Inflation Control Through Coordinated Policy Design

Author(s) Dr. G. Nagoji
Country India
Abstract The macroeconomic trilemma represents one of the most persistent challenges facing modern policymakers: the simultaneous pursuit of robust GDP growth, full employment, and price stability. This paper examines the theoretical foundations and practical implications of coordinating fiscal, monetary, and structural policies to optimize outcomes across these three critical macroeconomic objectives. Through analysis of empirical data from advanced economies and India between 2000-2023, we demonstrate that traditional approaches treating these objectives as mutually exclusive often result in suboptimal outcomes and policy volatility. Our findings suggest that coordinated policy design, incorporating dynamic feedback mechanisms and forward-looking indicators, can significantly improve the trade-offs inherent in the trilemma. We develop a framework for integrated policy coordination that considers the temporal dimensions of policy transmission, sectoral heterogeneity, and external economic shocks. The analysis reveals that countries employing coordinated approaches achieve more stable long-term outcomes, with reduced volatility in key indicators and improved resilience to external shocks. Notably, emerging markets like India face additional coordination challenges due to institutional constraints and development priorities, yet show significant potential for improvement through targeted institutional reforms. However, successful coordination requires strong institutional frameworks, clear communication channels between policy bodies, and adaptive mechanisms to respond to changing economic conditions. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for enhancing coordination mechanisms and suggests areas for future research in dynamic macroeconomic policy optimization.
Keywords macroeconomic policy, coordination, GDP growth, unemployment, inflation, monetary policy, fiscal policy, policy trilemma, emerging markets
Published In Volume 6, Issue 5, September-October 2024
Published On 2024-09-07

Share this