International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Jesuits in India: Religion, Science and Cultural Encounters in Early Modern India (1534-1800)

Author(s) Mr. Siddharth Gautam
Country India
Abstract This article explores the multifaceted history of the Jesuit order, tracing its origins, global expansion, and transformative impact on education, science, and cultural exchange, with particular attention to the Jesuit missions in India. It highlights the Society of Jesus’s evolving role from its foundation by Saint Ignatius of Loyola through periods of suppression and restoration, and addresses debates over its motivations, cosmopolitan scope, and relationships with both colonial authorities and indigenous societies. The paper examines the work of key figures—such as Francis Xavier, Jean Venant Bouchet, Joseph Tieffenthaler, and Gaspar de Aguilar—and their contributions to cartography, natural history, linguistics, and local knowledge systems. Anecdotes from Jesuit encounters in India illuminate the complexities of intercultural mediation, particularly the indispensable, ambivalent role of indigenous catechists in missionary success and the fraught dynamics of conversion. The article further investigates Jesuit involvement in land surveying, temple destruction, and the shifting landscape of religious, social, and economic power in colonial Goa. By weaving together biographical sketches, scientific achievements, and contested legacies, the article positions Jesuits as both agents and intermediaries of global cultural transformation, reframing their significance within postcolonial and historiographical debates in the discipline of history.
Keywords Jesuits, Religion, catechists
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-09-06
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.55415
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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