International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 8, Issue 2 (March-April 2026) Submit your research before last 3 days of April to publish your research paper in the issue of March-April.
Submit Research Paper Join as a Reviewer

Plagiarism is checked by the leading plagiarism checker TurnItIn

Call for Paper

Volume 8 Issue 2
March-April 2026

Submit your research paper

Indexing Partners
Academia Advanced Sciences Index Bielefeld Academic Search Engine CiteSeer DRJI Google Scholar Independent Search Engine & Directory Network ISI (International Scientific Indexing) Issuu Mendeley Research Networks
RefSeek ResearcherId - Thomson Reuters ResearchGate Scirus Scribd Semantic Scholar UTeM - Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Wiki for Call for Papers WorldCat Zenodo

Hybrid layer and hybridization of dental hard tissues: mechanisms, properties, and clinical implications

Author(s) Dr. DESAVATH ANJANEYA NAIK, Dr. NARASIMHA RAJU V.V, Dr. BASAVARAJU PAVANI YESASWANI, Dr. BANDANA MISHRA, Prof. KONAGALA RAVI KUMAR
Country India
Abstract The hybrid layer is the foundation of contemporary adhesive dentistry, providing a micromechanical and biochemical link between restorative resins and dental hard tissues. It is formed by the partial demineralization of enamel, dentin, or cementum, followed by infiltration of resin monomers into the exposed collagen matrix, producing a composite structure known as resin–dentin hybrid. This process not only alters the physicochemical characteristics of the substrate but also enhances resistance to acid and enzymatic degradation, reduces microleakage, and improves the long-term stability of adhesive restorations. This review critically examines the mechanisms underlying hybrid layer formation, including wetting dynamics, resin infiltration, polymerization behavior, and the role of the smear layer. The mechanical and structural properties of hybridized tissues are discussed with reference to ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and stress distribution across the bonded interface. Clinical implications, limitations, and future directions are explored to highlight the importance of optimizing adhesive strategies for durable restorative outcomes.
Keywords Hybrid layer, adhesive dentistry, dentin bonding, enamel etching, resin infiltration, smear layer
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-09-11
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.55720
View / Download PDF File

Share this



E-ISSN 2582-2160
CrossRef

CrossRef DOI is assigned to each research paper published in our journal.

IJFMR DOI prefix is
10.36948/ijfmr

Downloads
Research Paper Format Copyright Permission Form and Undertaking Form Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 2Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 1Cover Page Vol 7 Isu 6

All research papers published on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and all rights belong to their respective authors/researchers.

CC-BY-SA Open Access

About IJFMR
Fees & Payment
Current Issue
Publication Archive 		Submit Research Paper
Track Submission Status
Publication Guidelines
Publication Ethics
Peer Review & Plagiarism 		Join as a Reviewer
Editors & Reviewers
Reviewer Referral Program
Get Reviewer Membership Certi. 		Website/Journal Policies
Usage Policy
Content Policies
Privacy Policy
Contact Us +91-9687-828-838 editor@ijfmr.com
Powered by Sky Research Publication and Journals