International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Epidemiology and Occupational health impact of heatstroke among outdoor workers- A Narrative review.

Author(s) Ms. Lekha sree bakthavachalam, Dr. Kalpana Ramachandran, Dr. Narayanasamy K, Dr. Srirajalingham A.S
Country India
Abstract ABSTRACT
Background:
Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition characterized by elevated core body temperature and central nervous system dysfunction. Outdoor workers such as those in agriculture and construction are particularly vulnerable due to prolonged heat exposure, intense physical labor, and limited access to cooling measures.
Objective:
To review evidence published between 2015 and 2025 on the causes, mechanisms, clinical features, risk factors, complications, and occupational health impacts of heatstroke among outdoor workers.
Methods:
A narrative review was conducted by searching PubMed and Google Scholar for literature published between 2015 and 2025. The search strategy combined keywords and Boolean operators including “heatstroke,” “heat stress,” “heat-related illness,” “occupational,” “workers,” and “workplace". Eligible studies were original research on occupational heat exposure and heat-related illnesses among workers, published in English. A total of 42 articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results:
Evidence indicates that heatstroke is classified into classic and exertional types. Pathophysiologically, it arises from failure of thermoregulation, systemic inflammation, and multi-organ dysfunction. Clinical features include confusion, seizures, tachycardia, hypotension, and skin changes. Outdoor workers experience increased rates of heat-related illnesses, acute kidney injury, and reduced productivity, with chronic exposure contributing to long-term organ damage. Knowledge gaps persist in early recognition, worker education, and preventive strategies.
Conclusion:
Outdoor workers remain disproportionately affected by heatstroke and related complications. Improved awareness, workplace adaptations, and preventive measures are essential for protecting worker health in the context of rising global temperatures.
Keywords Heatstroke, Occupational Health, Outdoor Workers, workplace heat exposure,Heat-related illness, Exertional heatstroke.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-31
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.56351
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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