International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Upholding Human Rights of Third Gender inIndia :Challenges and Opportunities.

Author(s) Prof (Dr.) Aryendu Dwivedi
Country India
Abstract This paper examines the human rights landscape for third gender individuals in India highlighting the challenges and opportunities n upholding their rights. Despite significant legal and policy advancements, third gender individuals in India continue to face substantial barriers in accesing their human rights, including the rights to equality, dignity, and non-discrimination The paper begins by tracing the historical and cultural context of third gender identity in India, highlighting the complex and often contradictory nature of societal attitudes towards third gender individuals. It then examines the legal framework governing third gender rights, including the Supreme Court's landmark judgment in NALSA v. Union of India (2014) and the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019. This research paper explores the multifaceted challenges in upholding the human rights of the third gender in India and identifies potential opportunities for creating a more inclusive and equitable society. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a socio-legal analysis of existing policies and laws with a qualitative exploration of the lived experiences of third-gender individuals. The methodology includes a detailed review of legal frameworks, including the NALSA judgment and the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, to understand their scope and limitations. The research focuses on key areas of human rights, including access
to education, employment, healthcare, and social security, which are critical for the well-being and integration of the community. The paper at last argues that upholding the human rights of the third gender in India requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond legal recognition while offering solutions to the problem of third gender rights n India,
Keywords: Third gender, human rights, India,_ challenges, opportunities, NALSA judgment, Transgender Persons (Protection_of Rights)Act, social stigma, discrimination, violence, inclusion, equality, lustice, Discrimination, equitable _Inclusion.
Keywords Title: Upholding Human Rights of Third Gender in India: Challenges and Opportunities. Author: Prof (Dr.) Aryendu Dwivedi,Professor, in Institute of Legal Studies, SHR RAMSWAROOP MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY DEVA ROAD, BARABANKI,UTTAR PRADESH, iNDIA Email: aryendu01071972@gmail.com Contact number: 87870 67637 ABSTRACT This paper examines the human rights landscape for third gender individuals in India highlighting the challenges and opportunities n upholding their rights. Despite significant legal and policy advancements, third gender individuals in India continue to face substantial barriers in accesing their human rights, including the rights to equality, dignity, and non-discrimination The paper begins by tracing the historical and cultural context of third gender identity in India, highlighting the complex and often cThis study employs a mixed-methodKeywords: Third gender, human rights, India,_ challenges, opportunities, NALSA judgment, Transgender Persons (Protection_of Rights)Act, social stigma, discrimination, violence, inclusion, equality, lustice, Discrimination, equitable _Inclusion.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-19
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.57407
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