How do gig economy models across different countries balance the conflicting interests of workers and businesses, and what lessons can be drawn to design a benchmark practices framework that supports worker welfare while balancing profitability?

Saloni Gupta

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58036

How do gig economy models across different countries balance the conflicting interests of workers and businesses, and what lessons can be drawn to design a benchmark practices framework that supports worker welfare while balancing profitability?

Author(s)	Saloni Gupta
Country	India
Abstract	This paper aims to analyse the gig economy across ten different countries which have developed mature economies and are emerging fast growing economies. The countries are Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, United States of America, Germany, The United Kingdom, Japan and France. The study will apply a cross-country comparative lens. It examines how the interests of the gig workers and businesses can often clash. The study highlights conflicts in wages, benefits and flexibility. The research study further explores benchmark practices by outlining their concepts and key features. By comparing international approaches, the research highlights potential benchmark practices for India to bridge policy gaps and progress towards a sustainable gig economy. In addition, it evaluates whether existing reforms can adequately balance worker protections with operational efficiency. The paper concludes on how businesses may consider supporting worker needs while sustaining profitability, by drawing on the best global practices.
Keywords	Gig economy, Benchmark practices, Employment status, Social security, Minimum working hours, Minimum wage, Platform based employment, Social protection, Worker welfare, Legal recognition, Independent contractors, Insurance, Job security, Flexible work force, Fair pay, Surge pay, Skill development
Field	Sociology > Economics
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On	2025-10-16
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58036

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How do gig economy models across different countries balance the conflicting interests of workers and businesses, and what lessons can be drawn to design a benchmark practices framework that supports worker welfare while balancing profitability?

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