International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Methanol Poisoning: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author(s) Dr. Hamza Benmlih, Dr. Fouad Afkir, Prof. Dr. Soumaya Touzani, Prof. Dr. Nawfal Houari, Prof. Dr. Abderrahim Elbouazzaoui, Prof. Dr. Brahim Boukatta
Country Morocco
Abstract Methanol poisoning is an uncommon poisoning in France. Absorption for suicidal or accidental purposes (adulterated alcohols) can occur through the digestive or transcutaneous route. The product is toxic through its metabolites: formaldehyde and formic acid, responsible for an inhibition of the enzymes of the respiratory chain and a metabolic acidosis whose part is linked to formates and lactates remains to be specified. After a variable period, corresponding to the metabolism time of the product, the prodromes appear in the form of digestive and visual disorders. The period of state associates in severe forms a coma of variable appearance, sometimes convulsive, a state of cardiogenic and/or hypovolemic shock and optic neuritis: severe metabolic acidosis is accompanied by an increase in anionic indoses and the osmolar gap. Brain CT scan reveals non-specific hypodensities of the central gray nuclei that can guide the etiological diagnosis of a coma. Only the methanol dosage will provide diagnostic certainty. Treatment, a toxicological emergency, must be started before the results. It requires massive alkalinization associated with the usual treatments for shock and coma. Etiological treatment is based on the purification of toxic substances by hemodialysis rather than peritoneal dialysis, which is less effective, and on blocking the metabolism of methanol with methyl alcohol or 4-methylpyrazole.
Keywords Poisoning, Methanol, Metabolic acidosis, Fomepizole
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-22
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58232
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