Adolescent Suicide in India and Beyond: Risk Factors, Protective Mechanisms, and Prevention Strategies (2020–2025)

Appeksha Naikare; Roopsi Mehta

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58238

Adolescent Suicide in India and Beyond: Risk Factors, Protective Mechanisms, and Prevention Strategies (2020–2025)

Author(s)	Ms. Appeksha Naikare, Ms. Roopsi Mehta
Country	India
Abstract	Adolescent suicide has emerged as one of the most alarming public health issues of the 21st century, representing the second or third leading cause of death among youth globally. In India, the trend is particularly concerning, with student suicides steadily rising over the last five years. This paper presents a secondary review of research conducted between 2020 and 2025 to examine recent epidemiological trends, risk and protective factors, and prevention strategies with a focus on adolescents. Literature was sourced from PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Indian national surveys, prioritizing peer-reviewed studies, systematic reviews, and government reports. Findings reveal that while global suicide rates in some regions have stabilized, India continues to face escalating numbers, especially among adolescents experiencing academic stress, familial conflict, and cyberbullying. Risk factors identified include depression, anxiety, substance use, and digital overexposure, while protective factors such as family connectedness, supportive school environments, and cultural practices like yoga and expressive arts play significant roles in resilience. School-based programs and digital interventions have shown measurable effectiveness, yet gaps remain in scalability, cultural adaptation, and access across rural areas. The paper concludes that adolescent suicide prevention in India must adopt a multi-layered approach that combines school-centered programs, digital innovations, and culturally rooted practices, supported by strong policy frameworks. Urgent efforts are needed to prioritize adolescents within the National Suicide Prevention Strategy and to align interventions with global advocacy around World Suicide Prevention Day.
Keywords	adolescent suicide, India, prevention, school-based interventions, digital tools, resilience, secondary research
Field	Sociology > Philosophy / Psychology / Religion
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On	2025-10-30
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58238

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Adolescent Suicide in India and Beyond: Risk Factors, Protective Mechanisms, and Prevention Strategies (2020–2025)

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