International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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Business Human Rights : Introducing a New Paradigm of Balancing Profitability With Responsibility

Author(s) Adv. Swagata Biswas
Country India
Abstract The nexus between business and human rights has emerged as a pressing field of legal research, shaped by the growing influence of multinational corporations in the age of globalization and liberalization. While businesses drive economic
growth, their activities often intersect with human rights concerns, creating complex questions of accountability under domestic and international law. This study examines the conceptual foundations of corporate responsibility, tracing its
evolution from voluntary practices to the gradual crystallization of legal duties. Central to the analysis are international instruments, including the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), the OECD Guidelines, and relevant ILO conventions. These frameworks are critically assessed for their normative strength and limitations. National developments in India, the European Union, and the United States are explored to illustrate the varied legislative and judicial approaches to corporate governance and human rights. The research further interrogates the legal dimensions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), with particular reference to the Indian Companies Act, 2013, highlighting both its potential and shortcomings. Key challenges such as
weak enforcement, opaque supply chains, and reliance on soft-law mechanisms are emphasized. The study concludes by advocating for stronger binding norms and institutional mechanisms to embed human rights within business
practices globally.
Keywords Business Human Rights, Corporate Accountability, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Corporate Sustainability, Corporate laws.
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-23
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58528
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