International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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From Legacy to Leading Edge: A Reverse Engineering Framework for Digital Innovation in Commercial Aviation

Author(s) Mr. Humayoon Muhammad
Country United Arab Emirates
Abstract Commercial aviation is experiencing a profound transformation driven by digitalization, artificial intelligence, automation, and sustainability imperatives. While these advancements promise enhanced customer experience and operational efficiency, many airlines continue to depend on legacy systems. This paper critically applies a reverse engineering framework to identify both visible and hidden barriers to innovation through the 4Ts model i.e. Transformation, Technology, Tools, and Talent. It assesses organisational readiness, technological integration, and digital maturity. Drawing on 17 expert interviews and 393 survey responses, the study highlights inconsistencies in airlines’ adoption of digital platforms and change management. Despite substantial investments, real value creation is often hindered by fragmented systems, vendor dependency, and limited reskilling. Reverse engineering emerges as a strategic approach to map dependencies, evaluate system compatibility, and steer implementation. Its purpose is to align stakeholders with enterprise objectives, enhance agility, and provide strategic recommendations for continued research on aviation’s digital evolution.
Keywords Airline Digital Maturity, Airline Innovation, Commercial Aviation, Customer Experience, Digital Fluency, Digital Transformation, Innovation Framework, Legacy Systems, Operational Efficiency, Organisational Readiness, Reverse Engineering, System Modernization, Technology Adoption, 4Ts: Transformation, Technology, Tools and Talent
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-27
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58629
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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