Balancing Online Hate Speech Regulation With Free Expression Under Article 19(1)(A)

Author(s)	Ms. Shruti Sharma
Country	India
Abstract	The constitutional guarantee of freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution is foundational to democratic discourse, allowing citizens to voice opinions, engage in public debate, and hold authorities accountable. However, this right is subject to “reasonable restrictions” under Article 19(2) to safeguard public order, morality, decency, and other critical societal interests. The rise of online platforms has exponentially increased the reach and impact of hate speech expressions that incite hatred, discrimination, or violence against individuals or groups based on attributes such as religion, ethnicity, gender, or caste. This paper critically examines the delicate and pressing task of regulating online hate speech without unduly curtailing free expression. it includes the rule of AI generated speech and latest rule and regulations regarding the hate speech
Keywords	Ai generated speech, Indian hate speech regulations
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On	2025-10-25
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58755

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