What Leads To Bibhatsa In Visual Arts

Author(s)	Ms. Geetika Pathania, Dr. Sanjeev Kumar
Country	India
Abstract	This paper investigates the aesthetic mechanisms underlying the evocation of bībhatsa rasa - the sentiment of disgust (jugupsā) - in visual art. It identifies five essential constituents that serve as structural catalysts for this rasa: hybridization of forms, distortion, depiction of violence, representation of the grotesque (ugly), and the portrayal of sexuality. The presence of one or more of these elements is deemed necessary for an artwork to effectively elicit bībhatsa; in their absence, the sentiment remains latent or unexpressed. These constituents function as cross-cultural triggers of repulsion, operating beyond temporal and geographical boundaries. The paper argues that the evocation of bībhatsa is not incidental but architecturally embedded within these aesthetic strategies. Designed to disturb, confront, and provoke, such strategies compel the viewer to move beyond instinctive rejection, engaging instead with the deeper philosophical and emotional dimensions of disgust.
Keywords	Bibhatsa, Visual Art, Aesthetics, Rasa, Disgust, Grotesque
Field	Arts
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On	2025-10-30
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.59139

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