International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Parikartika – An Ayurvedic Review

Author(s) Dr. Kainat Ansari, Prof. Dr. Pankaj kumar sharma, Prof. Dr. Ajay kumar Gupta
Country India
Abstract Background: Parikartika, described in Ayurvedic literature as severe cutting pain in the guda pradesha (ano-rectal region), is analogous to fissure-in-ano in modern medicine. Despite its frequent clinical occurrence, classical texts do not treat it as a distinct disease but rather as a complication of Atisara, Jwara, Garbha (pregnancy), and improper Panchakarma therapies. This review aims to synthesize the scattered references from major Ayurvedic treatises and explore its etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and management.
Methods: A comprehensive review of Brihatrayi (Charaka, Sushruta, Vagbhata) and other classical literature was undertaken. Relevant concepts of nidana, samprapti, roopa, and chikitsa were compiled and analyzed in the context of contemporary understanding of fissure-in-ano.
Results: The pathogenesis of Parikartika is primarily attributed to Vata vitiation, particularly Apana Vayu, often accompanied by Pitta involvement. Causative factors include improper diet (katu, tikta, ruksha ahara), sedentary lifestyle (vegadharana, ratrijagarana), and iatrogenic complications of vamana, virechana, and basti. Clinically, it presents with intense anal pain, burning sensation, constipation, bleeding, and vrana-like lesions. Management principles outlined in Ayurveda are predominantly non-surgical, emphasizing local and systemic therapies. Basti karma with ghrita, taila, and milk-based formulations are recommended, alongside oral preparations for deepana, pachana, and bowel regulation. Herbs such as Yashtimadhu, tila, dhanyaka, kantakari, and gokshura are advocated based on dosh predominance.
Conclusion: Classical Ayurvedic literature provides a detailed theoretical framework for understanding Parikartika and its management. By correlating it with fissure-in-ano, this review highlights Ayurveda’s potential in offering effective, safe, and conservative treatment approaches, thereby minimizing the need for surgical intervention
Keywords Parikartika, fissure-in-ano, vaman-virechana vyapad, basti vyapad
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-09
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.59539
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