Retraction of maxillary anteriors using clear aligners under 3 different protocols : A 3D finite element study

Author(s)	Prof. Dr. Md Arshad Hussain, Prof. Dr. prasad konda, Dr. pooja mahesh barole, Prof. Dr. anirudh kulkarni, Dr. Priyanka Jain, Dr. vivek chitte, Dr. Ameerabashmina bashmina
Country	India
Abstract	Clear aligner treatment (CAT) is increasingly used in challenging orthodontic situations, although insufficient stiffness during space closure might result in torque loss and uncontrolled movements. This work used 3D finite element analysis (FEA) to assess biomechanical behavior and stress distribution under three retraction-intrusion protocols. A CBCT-derived 3D model was processed and analyzed using the PrePoMax (CalculiX) solver. The protocols evaluated were: (A1) 0.25 mm retraction, (A2) 0.20 mm retraction + 0.15 mm intrusion, and (A3) 0.10 mm retraction + 0.23 mm intrusion. The results showed that A1 caused the most tension and uncontrolled tipping, A2 enhanced vertical control, and A3 provided the least stress with successful physical intrusion. Clear aligner tooth movement is heavily impacted by retraction-intrusion ratios, with A3 providing the greatest biomechanical advantage.
Keywords	Aligners, Finite Element Analysis, Extraction Case, Maxillary Anterior Retraction.
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-11-15
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.60626

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