International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Role of Bio-polyols in Enhancing the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Sustainable Polyurethane Foams

Author(s) Aadya Gupta
Country India
Abstract This paper explores the role of bio-polyols in enhancing the mechanical and thermal performance of sustainable polyurethane foams (PURFs). Bio-polyols, derived from renewable feedstocks such as vegetable oils, lignocellulosic biomass, and glycerol, offer an environmentally responsible alternative to petrochemical polyols while enabling comparable material properties. The review examines how structural features of bio-polyols—including hydroxyl value, functionality, molar mass, aromatic content, and degree of unsaturation—affect crosslink density, compressive strength, elasticity, thermal stability, glass transition temperature, and flame retardancy of PURFs. Although certain bio-polyols, particularly those with long aliphatic chains, may reduce rigidity or thermal resistance, others such as lignin- and tannin-based polyols significantly enhance performance due to their inherent aromaticity. Key sustainability advantages include renewability, potential biodegradability, and alignment with circular economy goals, though challenges remain in cost, variability, and industrial scalability. Future opportunities lie in bio-isocyanate development, solvent-free processing, and improved modification strategies. Overall, bio-polyols represent a promising pathway toward high-performance, low-impact polyurethane foams, provided their chemical diversity is optimised for targeted applications.
Keywords Bio-polyols, sustainability, polyurethane foams
Field Computer
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-20
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.61122
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbbz57
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