International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Unlocking Export Potential: Financial Access and Its Impact on SME Export Performance in Afghanistan

Author(s) Dr. Ratinder Kaur, Abdul Hadi Erfani
Country India
Abstract This research explores how access to financial resources affects the export performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Afghanistan, a country characterized by weak institutions, financial exclusion, and geopolitical instability. By analyzing data from 410 businesses in five key cities, the study investigates the effects of internal, external, and overall financing on the likelihood of exporting, while accounting for various firm attributes, including size, age, management experience, and research and development activities. The results of the probit regression indicate that access to external financing significantly boosts the chances of exporting, underscoring its critical role in helping small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) manage the considerable fixed and variable costs tied to entering international markets. Conversely, the effects of internal and total financing are positive but not statistically significant within the overall sample. The analysis also uncovers notable regional differences: in Herat, internal financing is linked to reduced export participation, while external financing has a stronger positive effect. Research and development (R&D) spending presents mixed outcomes, showing negative results in the pooled models but a strong positive impact in Kabul, indicating varying ways that innovation efforts affect export results. This study highlights the necessity for tailored financing approaches and specific managerial training programs to facilitate SME internationalization. The findings lead to important policy recommendations and suggest directions for future research.
Keywords Access to finance, SME, Export performance, Afghanistan, Logistic regression
Field Business Administration
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-22
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.61332
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbb77f
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