International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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From mechanical solidarity to urban individualism: A Sociological Analysis of the City of Bukavu

Author(s) Msc Japan Samba Shindano
Country Congo (Democratic)
Abstract This study examines the transformation of social bonds in the city of Bukavu by analyzing the shift from mechanical solidarity to urban individualism. The objective is to identify the sociodemographic, economic, and institutional factors that explain the emergence and intensification of individualistic attitudes within a context of rapid urbanization and structural precariousness. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach: a quantitative survey of 150 residents distributed across the communes of Kadutu, Bagira, and Ibanda, as well as 15 semi-structured interviews analyzed through thematic coding. Quantitative analyses (descriptive statistics, regressions, and exploratory factor analysis) reveal that occupation, income, level of education, and marital status are significant predictors of individualism. Perceived insecurity and low institutional trust further reinforce this dynamic. Qualitative data confirm that individualism results from adaptation to economic constraints and the fragmentation of the institutional environment. They also show that traditional forms of solidarity persist but are reconfigured into restricted, flexible, and utilitarian networks. Triangulation highlights a strong coherence between statistical structures and social meanings. Urban individualism in Bukavu thus appears as a functional survival strategy in an unstable environment, revealing a transition toward hybrid forms of sociability.
Keywords Mechanical solidarity, Urban individualism, Urbanization, Urban sociology.
Field Sociologie
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-14
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.61677
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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