International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Zero Hunger: Challenges and the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 2 in India

Author(s) Dr. AMBIKA BABU NIKAM
Country India
Abstract Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG-2), “Zero Hunger,” aims to end hunger, ensure food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030. India, as one of the world’s largest agricultural economies, has made considerable progress in food production, welfare schemes, and nutritional security programmes. Yet persistent hunger, malnutrition, rising food prices, climate uncertainties, and agricultural distress remain critical barriers. This research paper analyses India’s progress, challenges, and gaps in achieving SDG-2 using both primary data collected from 300 households across Maharashtra (Aurangabad, Jalna, Beed) and secondary data from NFHS-5, GHI, NITI Aayog, FAO, and government reports. The primary survey indicates that 62% households face nutritional insecurity, 47% report low dietary diversity, and 55% of children consume inadequate protein-rich foods. Secondary data show India continues to rank poorly on global hunger indicators, with high levels of stunting (35.5%), wasting (19.3%), and anaemia among children (67%). The paper identifies key structural challenges such as poverty, unequal access to food, climate-vulnerable agriculture, high post-harvest losses, gender disparities, and weaknesses in public distribution systems. It concludes that achieving Zero Hunger requires integrated strategies—nutrition-sensitive agriculture, women-led food systems, climate-resilient farming, improved PDS reforms, fortified foods, and community-driven nutrition models. The paper recommends a holistic policy framework to ensure equitable food access, enhance farmer incomes, and build sustainable agricultural ecosystems necessary to achieve SDG-2 by 2030.
Keywords SDG-2, Zero Hunger, Malnutrition, Food Security, NFHS-5, Agriculture, PDS, India, Climate Change, Primary Survey
Field Sociology > Economics
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-25
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.61684
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbcnt7
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