Amlodipine in Cardiovascular Disease: Beyond Blood Pressure Reduction – A Comprehensive Review

Author(s)	Avinash Manohar Bakle, Umme Roman Shaikh
Country	India
Abstract	Amlodipine, a third-generation long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, is widely prescribed for hypertension, angina, and various cardiovascular disorders. While its primary therapeutic role is vasodilation and blood pressure reduction, extensive clinical and experimental evidence now demonstrates that amlodipine exerts several pleiotropic effects that extend beyond its antihypertensive capacity. These include attenuation of endothelial dysfunction, inhibition of vascular smooth muscle proliferation, reduction of oxidative stress, regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Large-scale clinical trials such as ASCOT-BPLA, CAMELOT, ALLHAT, and PREVENT have consistently supported these additional cardiovascular benefits, often showing outcome advantages compared to other antihypertensive drug classes. This review provides an in-depth evaluation of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, molecular mechanisms, and clinical evidence supporting the expanded role of amlodipine in cardiovascular disease. The article also highlights its effectiveness in special populations, combination therapies, and future potential in cardiovascular prevention.
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-11-26
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.62044
Short DOI	https://doi.org/hbdsn3

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