Effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) along with Kendall’s exercises in improving physical and functional performance in text neck syndrome: A comparative study.

Dipa Debnath (PT); Trinayani Debnath (PT); Sourin Saha (PT)

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.62363

Effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) along with Kendall’s exercises in improving physical and functional performance in text neck syndrome: A comparative study.

Author(s)	Dr. Dipa Debnath (PT), Dr. Trinayani Debnath (PT), Dr. Sourin Saha (PT)
Country	India
Abstract	Background: Long term use of smartphones has led to the modern epidemic of "text neck syndrome," a repetitive stress injury characterized by neck pain, forward head posture (FHP), and functional disability. While various therapeutic exercises exist, there is a need to evaluate and compare their combined efficacy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) techniques combined with Kendall's exercises against Kendall's exercises alone in individuals with text neck syndrome. Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 college students (aged 18-25) who used mobile phones for ≥3 hours daily. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups. The experimental group (n=15) received PNF techniques (rhythmic stabilization and dynamic reversal) along with Kendall's exercises, while the control group (n=15) received only Kendall's exercises and conventional neck exercises. Interventions were delivered four times per week for four weeks. Primary outcome measures included the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and Craniovertebral Angle (CVA). Results: Statistical analysis using paired t-tests revealed that both groups showed significant improvements (p < 0.001) in all outcome measures post-intervention. However, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in reducing NDI scores (from 13.2 to 6.8) and NPRS scores (from 5.5 to 1.8), and in increasing CVA (from 44.9° to 48.4°) compared to the control group. Conclusion: The combination of PNF techniques and Kendall's exercises is more effective than Kendall's exercises alone in reducing neck pain and disability and correcting forward head posture in patients with text neck syndrome. This combined approach is recommended for integration into clinical physiotherapy practice to address the postural demands of the modern digital lifestyle.
Keywords	Text Neck Syndrome, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), Kendall's Exercises, Forward Head Posture, Smartphone addiction
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-12-11
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.62363

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Effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) along with Kendall’s exercises in improving physical and functional performance in text neck syndrome: A comparative study.

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