International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 8, Issue 2 (March-April 2026) Submit your research before last 3 days of April to publish your research paper in the issue of March-April.
Submit Research Paper Join as a Reviewer

Plagiarism is checked by the leading plagiarism checker TurnItIn

Call for Paper

Volume 8 Issue 2
March-April 2026

Submit your research paper

Indexing Partners
Academia Advanced Sciences Index Bielefeld Academic Search Engine CiteSeer DRJI Google Scholar Independent Search Engine & Directory Network ISI (International Scientific Indexing) Issuu Mendeley Research Networks
RefSeek ResearcherId - Thomson Reuters ResearchGate Scirus Scribd Semantic Scholar UTeM - Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Wiki for Call for Papers WorldCat Zenodo

Historical and ongoing hurdles in India-China relations from 1947 to the present, and their implications for Asia.

Author(s) Vikash Kumar
Country India
Abstract India–China relations have undergone profound shifts from 1947 to the present, shaped by territorial disputes, ideological divergences, strategic competition, and shifting geopolitical alignments. Beginning with early post-independence cooperation and the spirit of Panchsheel, the relationship gradually deteriorated as border disagreements escalated into the 1962 war, followed by episodic clashes in 1967, 1975, 1986–95, 2017, and the violent Galwan Valley clash in 2020. The bilateral relationship has further been strained by competing nationalisms, China’s strategic partnership with Pakistan, India’s concerns regarding the Belt and Road Initiative and CPEC, trade imbalances, and rivalry in multilateral institutions. This paper historically traces the hurdles in India–China relations decade by decade and examines how these tensions affect Asia’s security, geopolitics, economic groupings, and regional alignments. Using historical data, diplomatic records, and secondary analyses, the study highlights that India–China relations remain characterized by deep mistrust and strategic competition, with significant implications for Asian stability, global power dynamics, and the future of the Indo-Pacific order.
Keywords India–China Relations; Sino–Indian Conflict; Border Disputes; Panchsheel; Aksai Chin; McMahon Line; Doklam; Galwan Valley; CPEC; RCEP; Geopolitics of Asia; Regional Security; Tibet Issue; Global South; Indo-Pacific Strategy.
Field Sociology > Politics
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-21
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.63071
View / Download PDF File

Share this



E-ISSN 2582-2160
CrossRef

CrossRef DOI is assigned to each research paper published in our journal.

IJFMR DOI prefix is
10.36948/ijfmr

Downloads
Research Paper Format Copyright Permission Form and Undertaking Form Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 2Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 1Cover Page Vol 7 Isu 6

All research papers published on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and all rights belong to their respective authors/researchers.

CC-BY-SA Open Access

About IJFMR
Fees & Payment
Current Issue
Publication Archive 		Submit Research Paper
Track Submission Status
Publication Guidelines
Publication Ethics
Peer Review & Plagiarism 		Join as a Reviewer
Editors & Reviewers
Reviewer Referral Program
Get Reviewer Membership Certi. 		Website/Journal Policies
Usage Policy
Content Policies
Privacy Policy
Contact Us +91-9687-828-838 editor@ijfmr.com
Powered by Sky Research Publication and Journals