International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Chemical Fertilisers and Their Ecological Fallout: Assessing Environmental and Health Risks through the Lens of Ethnobotanical Resilience in Manipur

Author(s) Ms. Yumnam Roma Devi, Prof. Potsangbam Kumar Singh
Country India
Abstract The extensive use of chemical fertilisers has become integral to modern agriculture, yet their long-term ecological and health repercussions are increasingly alarming. This study critically examines the environmental and human health impacts of chemical fertiliser application in Manipur, India, an ecologically fragile region within the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. It highlights how the excessive and imbalanced use of nitrogenous, phosphatic, and potassic fertilisers leads to severe soil acidification, degradation of soil microbial diversity, and nutrient imbalances that compromise soil fertility. Runoff from fertilised fields contributes to eutrophication and nitrate pollution in water bodies, notably Loktak Lake, posing direct threats to aquatic biodiversity and indirect risks to human health through contaminated drinking water and food chains. Elevated nitrate concentrations are linked to methemoglobinemia and other chronic illnesses. The study further examines the intersection between environmental degradation and the decline of ethnobotanical medicinal plant resources, which have long supported community health and cultural identity in Manipur. These plants, central to indigenous healthcare systems, face increasing threats from deforestation, overharvesting, and agrochemical contamination that may alter their phytochemical efficacy. The findings underscore the paradox of chemical fertilisers, enhancing agricultural yields while undermining ecological and human resilience. It advocates for integrated nutrient management, policy reform, and community-led conservation of medicinal plants as essential strategies to restore soil health, protect biodiversity, and sustain traditional knowledge systems in pursuit of a healthier, more sustainable future for Manipur.
Keywords Chemical Fertilisers, Soil Degradation, Water Pollution, Human Health Risks; Ethnobotany; Medicinal Plants.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-14
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.63330
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