International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Battery Blind Spots: A Critical Examination of Lithium-Ion Sustainability in Electric Vehicles and Pathways to Greener Alternatives

Author(s) Riddhi Dhawan
Country India
Abstract This paper takes a clear-eyed look at the widespread claim that lithium-ion batteries are the straightforward “green” solution for electric vehicles. Building on earlier critiques of overly optimistic urban technologies, it draws from the latest peer-reviewed studies and reports published between 2024 and 2025.
After examining the full picture of environmental damage from mining, serious social concerns in supply chains, and looming economic evidence reveals significant trade-offs that are often downplayed. At the same time, the analysis explores genuinely promising alternatives already in development: sodium-ion batteries, solid-state designs, and the increasingly popular lithium iron phosphate (LFP) chemistry. Using thematic analysis of real-world case studies in cities that have embraced electric mobility, the paper highlights persistent gaps in accountability and calls for a more honest, reflexive approach to design one that properly accounts for ecological and human costs from the outset.
The core finding is straightforward yet urgent: without rapid scaling of battery recycling and a faster shift to alternative chemistries, projected shortages of key minerals by 2030 will create severe bottlenecks. Ultimately, this work contributes to the environmental political economy by offering concrete policy recommendations and innovation pathways toward electric vehicle systems that are not only low-carbon but also resource-efficient, socially responsible, and genuinely equitable.
Keywords lithium-ion batteries, electric vehicles, environmental political economy, battery recycling, mineral supply chains, alternative battery chemistries, sodium-ion batteries, solid-state batteries, LFP batteries, resource efficiency, ethical sourcing, sustainable mobility
Field Biology > Bio + Chemistry
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-15
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.63453
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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