International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Navigating Migration: The Experiences of Kashmiri Laborers in the Gulf Cooperation Council Region

Author(s) Mr. aqib rashid sheikh, Prof. Tareak A. Rather
Country India
Abstract This study examines the pre-migration, migration, and post-migration experiences of Kashmiri labours in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations, providing an in-depth analysis of the socio-economic and structural factors that underpin this migration phenomenon and its multifaceted implications. The scarcity of economic opportunities in Kashmir exacerbated by persistent conflict, underdeveloped private and industrial sectors, and widespread unemployment compels many Kashmiris to seek work abroad. The research leverages a synthesis of primary data gathered through comprehensive telephonic interviews and secondary literature to evaluate the motivators of migration and the ensuing adversities encountered by these migrants. The results underscore economic incentives as the predominant push factors, with unemployment, poverty, and socio-political instability playing significant roles in the decision to pursue employment overseas. Recruitment methodologies, while enabling migration, frequently exploit laborers through exorbitant fees and misleading information, engendering financial insecurities and perpetuating cycles of indebtedness. Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the dual function of remittances, which act as an essential economic support for Kashmiri households, facilitating funding for housing, education, and local businesses, while simultaneously rendering families vulnerable to economic uncertainties arising from fluctuations in migration regulations and the economies of host nations. Moreover, the research scrutinizes the structural adversities encountered by Kashmiri migrants in host nations, particularly concerning the Kafala system and substandard working conditions, which constrain labourers’ rights and mobility. The erratic application of labor reforms in certain GCC countries further intensifies these vulnerabilities. By contextualizing Kashmiri migration within the expansive scope of South Asian labor migration, this investigation elucidates the intricate interplay of economic, social, and political elements that influence migrant experiences. It emphasized a comprehensive policy reform, that includes regulation of recruitment procedures, augmented labor protections, and international accords aimed at safeguarding the rights and dignity of migrant workers.
Keywords Kashmiri Migration, Gulf Cooperation Council, Socio-Economic Determinants, Labor Exploitation, Remittances, Recruitment Methodologies, Kafala System, Migration Policy Reforms.
Field Sociology
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-17
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.63643
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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