International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160     Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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Engineered Nanomaterials for Wastewater Treatment: Opportunities, Biological Integration, and Nanotoxicology Challenges

Author(s) Ms. Naitika Jain, Dr. Sonal Yadav
Country India
Abstract The growing complexity of wastewater pollution caused by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and emerging contaminants has exposed the limitations of conventional treatment technologies. This review explores the transformative role of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in addressing these challenges through advanced adsorption, photocatalysis, and disinfection mechanisms. Various nanomaterials—including carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, metal oxides, nano-clays, and hybrid nanocomposites—have demonstrated significant potential in removing heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and microbial contaminants from wastewater. The study also discusses green synthesis approaches that promote environmentally benign nanomaterial production and the integration of nanotechnology with biological systems for enhanced pollutant degradation. Such nano-bioremediation techniques leverage the synergistic effects of nanoparticles and microorganisms to achieve higher treatment efficiency and resource recovery. However, despite their promising capabilities, concerns regarding nanotoxicity, bioaccumulation, and environmental persistence pose critical challenges to large-scale implementation. The paper underscores the need for standardized assessment frameworks, sustainable synthesis strategies, and risk mitigation measures to ensure that nanotechnology advances wastewater remediation without compromising ecological and human health.
Keywords Engineered nanomaterials, wastewater treatment, nano-bioremediation, green synthesis, nanotoxicology, environmental remediation
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-30
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.64436

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