International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) of fruits and leaves extract of Ziziphus nummularia to find out functional group (Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds) of the active components by Maceration Process and Hot continuous extraction method by Soxhlet apparatus

Author(s) Prof. Pooja Bagdi, Swarnim Swati
Country India
Abstract Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight & Arn. (Rhamnaceae), commonly known as “Jharberi” in India and “Bairi” or “Karkanrha” in Pakistan, is a thorny shrub reaching 1–2 meters in height and widely distributed across India, Pakistan, and Iran. The leaves and fruits of this species have long been used in traditional medicine to manage mental disorders, frequent colds, influenza, diarrhoea, dysentery, colic, indigestion, and gum inflammation, and serve as a general tonic. Phytochemical investigations have revealed the presence of numerous bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, sterols, pectins, triterpenic acids, polysaccharides, fatty acids, and peptide alkaloids such as ziziphin derivatives. These compounds are known to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anthelmintic, antibacterial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects.
In the present study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed to characterize the functional groups present in the leaf and fruit extracts of Z. nummularia. The spectral analysis revealed distinctive absorption peaks corresponding to hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aromatic ring vibrations, confirming the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. These functional groups are primarily responsible for the antioxidant and therapeutic properties of the plant
Keywords Ziziphus, Antioxidants, Hydroalcoholic, FTIR, Phenolic compounds, Flavonoids.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-31
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.65331
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