Insights into Dwitiya Patalagata Timira: Ayurvedic Concept and Its Contemporary Correlation

Author(s)	Dr. Akshita Sharma, Prof. Dr. Vijayant Bhardwaj, Prof. Dr. Sukhdev Singh
Country	India
Abstract	Among the five sensory organs—eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin—Ayurveda accords the highest significance to the eyes, as nearly 90% of all knowledge is perceived through vision. Visual perception plays a vital role in daily human activities. Timira, a disorder of the Drishtimandala, encompasses a broad spectrum of visual impairments, ranging from mild blurring to complete loss of vision. Presbyopia is not merely a refractive error but a physiological decline in the accommodative power of the eye, resulting in a gradual deterioration of near vision. The Ayurvedic concept of Dwitiya Patalagata Timira closely corresponds to presbyopia described in modern ophthalmology. Therefore, this review aims to explore the correlation between Dwitiya Patalagata Timira and Presbyopia from both Ayurvedic and modern perspectives.
Keywords	Drishtigata Roga, Timira, Dwitiya Patalagata Timira, Presbyopia
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-12-31
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.65417

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