Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) for Methylene Blue Degradation Using ZnO₇₅%-CdO₂₅% Composite Nanocatalysts

Author(s)	Mr. Vikas G Patil, Prof. Dr. Dhnanajay V Mane, Ms. Sunanda V Patil
Country	India
Abstract	This study examines the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) using zinc oxide-cadmium oxide (ZnO₇₅%-CdO₂₅%) composite nanocatalysts in both pristine and lemon-functionalized forms. The heterojunction composite demonstrated superior catalytic performance compared to pure oxide systems, achieving degradation efficiencies of 76.35% (uncapped) and 89.52% (lemon-capped) after 165 minutes of UV irradiation. The enhanced activity results from improved charge carrier separation at the heterojunction interface and surface modification through natural capping agents. Kinetic analysis confirmed pseudo-first-order reaction mechanisms, with the capped catalyst exhibiting rate constants approximately 2.5-fold higher than pure ZnO systems. These findings demonstrate the potential of mixed-oxide heterojunctions combined with green surface functionalization strategies for water treatment applications.
Keywords	Nanocatalyst, Photocatalysis, Sonochemical, AOP, Degradation, Capping
Field	Chemistry
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-01-04
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.65626
Short DOI	https://doi.org/hbhsjf

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