International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Dynamic Vacuum Field Theory: Resolving Cosmological Anomalies from DESI and Euclid Observations

Author(s) Mr. Satish B. Thorwe
Country India
Abstract Recent observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2 (DR2), released in March 2025, and early previews from the Euclid mission's Quick Data Release (Q1) in March 2025 have uncovered significant tensions in the standard Λ-Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model, including a 3.1σ (up to 4.2σ with supernova data) preference for an evolving dark energy equation of state and an unphysical negative sum of neutrino masses. As of early 2026, these findings remain consistent, with ongoing analyses strengthening hints of dynamical dark energy. This paper presents Dynamic Vacuum Field Theory (DVFT), where dark energy dynamics, neutrino masses, and structure formation emerge from the intrinsic properties of a complex scalar vacuum field Φ(x) = ρ(x) e^{iθ(x)}. I derive the theory's Lagrangian, stress-energy tensor, evolving equation of state w(z), positive neutrino mass sum Σm_ν ≈ 0.03 eV, and modified power spectrum rigorously. Quantitative comparisons show DVFT aligns with DESI's w_0 ≈ -0.78 and w_a ≈ 1.2 while resolving anomalies without ad-hoc parameters, mimicking dark matter effects through vacuum coherence and clustering. Comparisons with quintessence, k-essence, and dynamical dark energy models highlight DVFT's unification advantages. I discuss implications for the Hubble tension, testable predictions for future surveys like DESI DR3 and Euclid DR1 (expected October 2026), and position DVFT as a unified framework for cosmology.
Keywords Dark Matter, Hubble Tension, Neutrino, Galaxy
Field Physics > Astronomy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-08
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.65992
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbjmmq
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